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<p>This paper introduces an innovative compact optical system designed for a high-quality on-axis Helmet-Mounted Display (HMD). The design aims to enhance optical quality, reduce manufacturing costs, increase tolerance, and improve production efficiency compared to existing systems. The primary objective is to create a see-through display with a wide field-of-view, addressing the challenge of lower light efficiency in traditional on-axis HMDs. The design incorporates an efficient polarization converter (PC) to overcome this challenge, achieving diffraction-limited performance and WUXGA resolution. The system comprises a five-lens projector and a combiner-collimator module with a semi-reflective spherical mirror and a plane-plate polarizing beam splitter (PBS). It provides a monocular total field of view (FOV) of 50° diagonally, with 40° horizontal and 30° vertical FOVs, maintaining an entrance pupil diameter of 10&#xa0;mm and an eye relief of 34&#xa0;mm to ensure uniform illumination and prevent vignetting. The design, utilizing simple spherical lenses with loose tolerancing, is cost-effective, easy to fabricate, and suitable for mass production.</p>

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Design and fabrication of a high-quality and light efficiency on-axis HMD with compact optical system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Sayyed Sajjad Mousavi Fard,
  • Amir Hossein Farhadian

摘要

This paper introduces an innovative compact optical system designed for a high-quality on-axis Helmet-Mounted Display (HMD). The design aims to enhance optical quality, reduce manufacturing costs, increase tolerance, and improve production efficiency compared to existing systems. The primary objective is to create a see-through display with a wide field-of-view, addressing the challenge of lower light efficiency in traditional on-axis HMDs. The design incorporates an efficient polarization converter (PC) to overcome this challenge, achieving diffraction-limited performance and WUXGA resolution. The system comprises a five-lens projector and a combiner-collimator module with a semi-reflective spherical mirror and a plane-plate polarizing beam splitter (PBS). It provides a monocular total field of view (FOV) of 50° diagonally, with 40° horizontal and 30° vertical FOVs, maintaining an entrance pupil diameter of 10 mm and an eye relief of 34 mm to ensure uniform illumination and prevent vignetting. The design, utilizing simple spherical lenses with loose tolerancing, is cost-effective, easy to fabricate, and suitable for mass production.