Precise control of sine laser pulse and plasma for enhancing electron acceleration efficiency

In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in the development of advanced technologies for particle acceleration. This progress has been driven by the increasing need for high-performance electron beams. Laser-driven plasma acceleration is a promising and groundbreaking technology in the field of particle acceleration. This innovative method utilizes the powerful electric fields produced by laser pulses interacting with plasma to push electrons to extremely high speeds, enabling the development of small and efficient particle accelerators. The efficacy of laser-driven plasma acceleration is inextricably linked to the exact regulation of laser and plasma properties. In this novel study, we have utilized a laser pulse of Sine envelope to optimize the laser pulse length and plasma density for efficient energy gain. The effect of laser electric field and mutual dependence of pulse length and plasma density is also investigated. The laser and plasma conditions provide a maximum electron energy gain of 673.70 MeV. The optimal pulse length and plasma density are 27.84 μm and \(\:5\times\:{10}^{17}\:{cm}^{-3}\) respectively. The knowledge gained from this research is expected to contribute significantly to the ongoing efforts to design and build compact, high-performance particle accelerators.