Novel detection of progesterone and estradiol levels in blood using sensitive SPR biosensor employing cerium oxide and MXene nanomaterial

Progesterone plays a key role in pregnancy, especially for fetal development in late stages. Estradiol, a type of estrogen, regulates egg maturation and release during the menstrual cycle. Its rise thickens the uterine lining, preparing it for the implantation of a fertilized egg. Consequently, it is very crucial to design sensitive detector to be able to sense progesterone and estradiol levels in blood with high efficiency. Optical surface plasmon resonance biosensors (OSPRBs) have great proficiency for numerous usages in detecting and monitoring the growth of biological samples. Here, Silver (Ag)-cerium oxide (CeO₂)-MXene are combined to produce OSPRB which is designed for the monitoring of estradiol and progesterone levels in blood. The thickness of OSPRB layers has been explored and optimized. The topmost sensitivity (S) has been computed and reported as 408.6 Degree/ RIU is gotten for 40 nmol/L of progesterone concentration. The offered OSPRB has outstandingly boosted S as compared to a lot of OSPRBs stated in the literatures recently. The concluding outcomes are proved that the OSPRB could actually be a practical device for sensing levels of progesterone and estradiol hormones with promising efficiency.