Up conversion phosphor coupled metal oxide: an emerging photocatalyst for environment sustainability

This review introduces the strategy to improve the photocatalytic response of metal oxide photocatalysts. Phosphor and its related mechanisms have been well discussed, along with their scope in energy-saving lighting technology and the different synthesis methods for the preparation of metal oxide nanostructure phosphor and metal oxide-coupled phosphor composites. Further, it introduced the advantages of rare earth activated up-conversion and down-conversion to enhance the dye degradation response of metal oxide photocatalysts in the UV, visible, and NIR ranges based on some literature and the effective performance of the composite photocatalyst for environmentally friendly water treatment technology.