Investigating q-Gaussian laser pulse dynamics for enhanced electron acceleration in vacuum

In advanced accelerator physics, Direct Laser Acceleration is a technique employed to directly accelerate charged particles, like electrons, by harnessing the electric field of a laser. In this investigation, we have considered a low intensity q-Gaussian laser pulse interacting with electrons in vacuum. Coupled differential equations for electron velocity and relativistic factor is obtained which are solved using numerical simulations. Electron energy gain and relativistic factor are examined by varying various laser parameters like q-parameter, laser electric field amplitude and beam waist. Our research outcomes show that with the selected specific parameters, electron energy gain show positive correlation with all these parameters. An electron with initial energy of 0.05 MeV is interacted with the laser pulse, and a maximum of 660.93 MeV electron is obtained with a laser pulse of intensity 7.64 × 10²² W/m². This study is useful for researchers to obtain electrons suitable for scientific research-like plasma wakefield accelerators, medical diagnosis and material physics. Extensive research and technological advancements are required to address the existing obstacles and fully unlock the capabilities of electron acceleration.