Design of 2D photonic crystal biosensor to detect cancer cells

A photonic crystal structure is a configuration of dielectric materials featuring regular fluctuations in refractive index. Its purpose is to manage the transmission of electromagnetic waves, specifically light. In this paper, a hexagonally structured photonic crystal biosensor has been designed and simulated to detect various types of cancer cells. This compact structure is composed of dielectric rods situated in an air medium. At the center of this arrangement, a circular nano ring is incorporated to facilitate the connection of biological molecules. This structure demonstrates notable attributes, including a high-quality factor, sensitivity, elevated figure of merit, favorable resonant wavelength shift, and an exceptionally low detection limit, with values of 1741, 72.28 (nm/RIU), 70.74 (RIU⁻¹), 1.04, and 2.01 × 10⁻⁴ (RIU), respectively.