Optical path model of multi-layer media for incoherent light

The optical path model is widely applied in solar energy materials and optical constant calculations. However, recent studies reveal insufficient accuracy and usability. To address this, a new model for incoherent light in multi-media and multi-phase systems was proposed, describing continuous ray paths across two dimensions. Initially, optical cell properties were computed using a single-layer model and genetic algorithm. Validation occurred with a triple-phase system featuring multiple media layers, analyzing primary computational errors. The results show that the model can be used to accurately calculate the total transmittance, total reflectance, and total absorption of a multi-layer system with multiple phases and media when the optical properties of each layer are known. Meanwhile, the proposed model has good stability as well as internal coupling, and its accuracy is better than other models.