Exclusive optimization techniques for Cesium based perovskite solar cell for the efficiency increment

Solar cell technology has advanced significantly with the help of perovskite photovoltaics. Perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices are known for their flexibility, stability, and high efficiency, but there is currently increased focus on using affordable, eco-friendly, lead-free materials in their construction. Cesium tin iodide (CsSnI₃) is a non-volatile, environmentally benign, and highly optoelectronic substance that might be suggested for the improvement of the PSC device. Including the Sn in the perovskite material also increases the lead-free perovskite stability. The present work uses the ZnMgO and Graphene oxide as carrier transport materials for better carrier collection in the PSC. The comprehensive numerical modeling of CsSnI₃ thickness, performing temperature, and the total defectivity, resistance impact also have been accomplished. The currently simulated PSC proposes an exceptional power conversion efficiency of 16.31% with CsSnI₃-based PSC. The reported results in the work may confirms an effective way to design and develop the lead-free PSC.