Exploring the performance of 2-D square lattice photonic crystal channel drop filters with varying horizontal cavity dimensions

In this paper, we investigated the performance of a 2-D square lattice photonic crystal channel drop filter by varying horizontal cavity dimensions. Computational analysis revealed a direct relationship between cavity size and the number of channels, with wider cavities accommodating multi-channels while narrower ones serve as single-channel drop filter. Furthermore, the dimension of cavity controls frequency of the drop signal, offering adaptability in filter design to meet specific spectral requirements. Visual representations of electric field distribution illustrate the coupling mechanism between the input waveguide and the defect cavity, elucidating the filtering effect achieved by channel drop filter configuration. Such findings contribute to advancing photonic crystal-based devices for applications such as wavelength division multiplexing, optical communication systems, and biosensing. Future research aims to refine filter designs, enhancing their performance and expanding their utility in cutting-edge photonics technologies.