Fuel quality assurance based on hybrid hexagonal circular hollow core PCF sensing through management of terahertz region operation
摘要
This study has clarified the design of a new hybrid hexagonal PCF sensor with circular hollow core. Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCFs) offer compact designs with reduced nonlinearities and tailored dispersion, enabling high-power lasers and dispersion management. This detector is use to detect fuel adulteration in THz region. Due to its large circular core, it gives notable performance. PCF sensor provides maximum relative sensitivity about 99.58% with very low confinement loss of 7.3536 × 10–12 cm−1 and total loss of 2.326 × 10–3 cm−1 at optimum frequency 3.4 THz. The air filling fraction for the propose sensor is 0.96 with spot size of 1.5494 × 10–4 μm. Our proposed detector has ultra sensing ability to detect kerosene adulteration. A huge circle air hole and circular core air holes of hybrid hexagonal cladding is used in the design of the sensor. The suggested sensor, operating at the optimal frequency of 3.4 THz, demonstrated a maximum sensitivity of 99.58% and extremely poor TL of 2.326 × 10–3 cm−1. As a result of the circular shapes for cladding as well as core air holes, the sensor minimizes fabrication complexity and loss while maintaining maximum sensitivity. Because it is simple to manufacture and can be utilized for testing at petrol pumps for Measures of admixture, this proposed PCF design will be extremely useful in the future and assist to please customers.