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<p>Synanthropic flies are pervasive in densely populated urban centres where inadequate food hygiene and waste management can pose substantial public health risks. Understanding patterns of fly community composition is important for assessing fly-borne disease transmission risks. Furthermore, identifying cost-effective surveillance methods is critical, particularly in low-income settings. Palm wine, a cheap and locally available alcoholic beverage, is known to attract insects, but its bait efficiency under urban and peri-urban field conditions has not been well documented. Thus, we investigated fly communities in taverns and eateries in Edo State, southern Nigeria, using palm-wine-baited bottle traps and sweep netting at 12 eateries and 10 taverns between November 2024 and February 2025. Fly data were recorded and analysed. In total, 2,813 individual flies representing seven species across six genera were collected, including <i>Musca domestica</i>, <i>Muscina</i> spp., <i>Lucilia cuprina</i>, <i>Lucilia sericata</i>, <i>Drosophila</i> spp., <i>Fannia canicularis</i>, and <i>Sarcophaga</i> spp. Presence–absence–based analyses using Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling indicated no significant differences in community composition between site types or sampling methods (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), and sex ratios did not differ significantly between collection methods. The Mantel test showed that the between-sites fly community composition did not change with geographic distance (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Together, these results highlight the potential of palm wine as a practical bait for bottle-trap surveys and contribute to baseline data for medical entomology research in southern Nigeria.</p>

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Synanthropic Fly Assemblages in Southern Nigeria: Comparison of Palm-Wine-Baited Bottle Traps and Sweep Nets

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Anthony Osarobo Omoregie,
  • Nosa Emmanuel Osawe,
  • Pelumi Samuel Akinola,
  • Roseline Chukwuma

摘要

Synanthropic flies are pervasive in densely populated urban centres where inadequate food hygiene and waste management can pose substantial public health risks. Understanding patterns of fly community composition is important for assessing fly-borne disease transmission risks. Furthermore, identifying cost-effective surveillance methods is critical, particularly in low-income settings. Palm wine, a cheap and locally available alcoholic beverage, is known to attract insects, but its bait efficiency under urban and peri-urban field conditions has not been well documented. Thus, we investigated fly communities in taverns and eateries in Edo State, southern Nigeria, using palm-wine-baited bottle traps and sweep netting at 12 eateries and 10 taverns between November 2024 and February 2025. Fly data were recorded and analysed. In total, 2,813 individual flies representing seven species across six genera were collected, including Musca domestica, Muscina spp., Lucilia cuprina, Lucilia sericata, Drosophila spp., Fannia canicularis, and Sarcophaga spp. Presence–absence–based analyses using Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling indicated no significant differences in community composition between site types or sampling methods (p > 0.05), and sex ratios did not differ significantly between collection methods. The Mantel test showed that the between-sites fly community composition did not change with geographic distance (p > 0.05). Together, these results highlight the potential of palm wine as a practical bait for bottle-trap surveys and contribute to baseline data for medical entomology research in southern Nigeria.