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<p>White muscle disease (WMD) is a newly emerging disease that infects Kuruma shrimp (<i>Penaeus japonicus</i>) in aquaculture farms in Okinawa, Japan. It is characterized by sporadic muscle whitening, resulting in mortality. We have investigated the molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis by performing transcriptome analyses of WMD-infected shrimp using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. A total of 130 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 123 genes were downregulated. These genes were associated with important biological processes (translation, mitotic cytokinesis, skeletal muscle thin filament assembly), cellular components (ribosome, actin filament, sarcolemma, myosin II complex), and molecular functions (RNA binding, calcium ion binding, and metal ion binding). Enriched pathways were related to ribosomes and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Given the importance of calcium in normal muscular functioning, we analyzed the genes related to calcium-ion binding, which revealed that the actin-like (<i>act</i>), sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein-like (<i>scpAB</i>), troponin-I-like (<i>tnI</i>), and dystroglycan-like (<i>dysG</i>) genes were significantly downregulated (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) based on quantitative PCR validation. Due to their role in gene regulation, we also explored differential expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs). A total of 314 differentially expressed circRNA (DECs), mostly involved in oxidative stress, heat response, cytoplasm, myosin complex, calcium ion binding, actin filament binding, and cytoskeletal motor activity, were found in WMD-infected shrimp. Three DECs whose parental genes—identifiedas DEGs—were associated with calcium ion binding. CircRNAs targeting the myosin light chain 1-like (<i>myoL1</i>), myosin regulatory light chain 2-like (<i>myoL2</i>), and <i>scpAB</i> genes were significantly downregulated (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Overall, our findings provide evidence that the disturbance of calcium homeostasis is involved in the pathogenesis of WMD in Kuruma shrimp.</p>

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Disturbance in muscular calcium homeostasis plays key role in the pathogenesis of white muscle disease in Kuruma shrimp (Penaeus japonicus) based on transcriptome analyses of mRNA and circRNA

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月20日

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  • Garner Algo Langote Alolod,
  • John Paul Matthew Domingo Guzman,
  • Sana Matsumoto,
  • Keiichiro Koiwai,
  • Hidehiro Kondo,
  • Ikuo Hirono

摘要

White muscle disease (WMD) is a newly emerging disease that infects Kuruma shrimp (Penaeus japonicus) in aquaculture farms in Okinawa, Japan. It is characterized by sporadic muscle whitening, resulting in mortality. We have investigated the molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis by performing transcriptome analyses of WMD-infected shrimp using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. A total of 130 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 123 genes were downregulated. These genes were associated with important biological processes (translation, mitotic cytokinesis, skeletal muscle thin filament assembly), cellular components (ribosome, actin filament, sarcolemma, myosin II complex), and molecular functions (RNA binding, calcium ion binding, and metal ion binding). Enriched pathways were related to ribosomes and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Given the importance of calcium in normal muscular functioning, we analyzed the genes related to calcium-ion binding, which revealed that the actin-like (act), sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein-like (scpAB), troponin-I-like (tnI), and dystroglycan-like (dysG) genes were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05) based on quantitative PCR validation. Due to their role in gene regulation, we also explored differential expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs). A total of 314 differentially expressed circRNA (DECs), mostly involved in oxidative stress, heat response, cytoplasm, myosin complex, calcium ion binding, actin filament binding, and cytoskeletal motor activity, were found in WMD-infected shrimp. Three DECs whose parental genes—identifiedas DEGs—were associated with calcium ion binding. CircRNAs targeting the myosin light chain 1-like (myoL1), myosin regulatory light chain 2-like (myoL2), and scpAB genes were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05). Overall, our findings provide evidence that the disturbance of calcium homeostasis is involved in the pathogenesis of WMD in Kuruma shrimp.