Unraveling the potential of brain-computer interface technology in medical diagnostics and rehabilitation: A comprehensive literature review

This paper conducts an extensive literature review to examine the applications of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology in rehabilitation and medical diagnostics. The paper aims to address the requirements for enhanced accessibility, usability, and accuracy of the utilized BCI approaches.

This paper applies the synthetic approach to selecting the relevant research sources. It investigates the novel algorithms and techniques developed for the accurate decoding of cognitive states. The paper searched most of the popular databases such as Springer Link, IEE Explore, Science Direct, CM Digital Library, and Google Scholar. 500 papers were collected, and 91 papers were deeply investigated based on the topic of interest. The search terms used to collect the research articles related to “Brain- Computer Interface” include healthcare and BCI, IoT and BCI, and medical BCI.

This review relinquished significant insights into BCI technology's applications in rehabilitation diagnostics. The analysis also highlighted the importance of EEG, fMRI, and NIRS technologies in rehabilitation. In addition, the paper identifies the novel techniques and methods that produce efficient and accurate decoding of cognitive states and address the integral challenges and potential prospects.

This extensive review concludes that BCI technology has potential promise for rehabilitation. It shows that BCI technology has the potential to enhance traditional rehabilitation methods, especially in stroke recovery and spinal cord injury. Therefore, the paper shows that emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) have a great impact on the future of BCI technologies and applications.