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<p>Immatures of Diptera are extremely rare in the Triassic fossil record and up to now they are only known from the early Anisian of Europe (Upper Buntsandstein of France and Spain). Herein, three immatures are described from the Norian (Upper Keuper) of Seinstedt, Germany: larva of Tanyderidae <i>Larvaderus triassicus</i> gen. et sp. nov. and pupa of Simuliidae <i>Simulipupa curriei</i> gen. et sp. nov., and <i>Ramobuccina herrigi</i> gen. et sp. nov., a pupa whose affinity is uncertain. Branched respiratory organs of both pupae suggest a rheophilic mode of life. The expansion of the order to (fast-) flowing waters no later than the Late Triassic is proven by the Norian immatures, which were strictly aquatic and could live without contact to the water surface in contrast to Anisian ones. The immature Tanyderidae and Simuliidae are the oldest records of these extant families. <i>Simulipupa</i> gen. nov. is the oldest record of a putative dipteran bloodsucker.</p>

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Late Triassic immature Diptera (Insecta): aquatic and rheophilic

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Elena D. Lukashevich,
  • Jörg Ansorge

摘要

Immatures of Diptera are extremely rare in the Triassic fossil record and up to now they are only known from the early Anisian of Europe (Upper Buntsandstein of France and Spain). Herein, three immatures are described from the Norian (Upper Keuper) of Seinstedt, Germany: larva of Tanyderidae Larvaderus triassicus gen. et sp. nov. and pupa of Simuliidae Simulipupa curriei gen. et sp. nov., and Ramobuccina herrigi gen. et sp. nov., a pupa whose affinity is uncertain. Branched respiratory organs of both pupae suggest a rheophilic mode of life. The expansion of the order to (fast-) flowing waters no later than the Late Triassic is proven by the Norian immatures, which were strictly aquatic and could live without contact to the water surface in contrast to Anisian ones. The immature Tanyderidae and Simuliidae are the oldest records of these extant families. Simulipupa gen. nov. is the oldest record of a putative dipteran bloodsucker.