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<p>To control distortion in large-capacity offshore wind-turbine tower-flange welds and enhance overall joint performance, this study systematically investigates the effects of welding sequence on the mechanical properties and microstructure of multi-layer, multi-pass circumferential weld joints. Considering the structural characteristics of thick-walled tower flanges, nine welding-sequence schemes were devised and compared using multiple metrics, including residual stress, distortion, microhardness, tensile strength, and impact energy. For quantitative, multi-objective optimization, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis was combined with grey relational analysis (GRA). Welding Sequence 2 achieved the highest overall grey relational grade (0.859) and delivered the best comprehensive performance, reducing distortion to 0.14&#xa0;mm, increasing impact energy to 120.7&#xa0;J, and raising tensile strength to 597&#xa0;MPa. These findings provide actionable guidance for process optimization, residual-stress and distortion mitigation, and structural-integrity improvement of circumferential weld joints in large offshore wind-turbine tower flanges.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Study on the Influence of Welding Sequence on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Flange Circumferential Welded Joints in Large-Capacity Offshore Wind Power Towers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Ran Ren,
  • Meiyan Feng,
  • Guofu Lian,
  • Shitong Peng,
  • Junjie Chen,
  • Changrong Chen

摘要

To control distortion in large-capacity offshore wind-turbine tower-flange welds and enhance overall joint performance, this study systematically investigates the effects of welding sequence on the mechanical properties and microstructure of multi-layer, multi-pass circumferential weld joints. Considering the structural characteristics of thick-walled tower flanges, nine welding-sequence schemes were devised and compared using multiple metrics, including residual stress, distortion, microhardness, tensile strength, and impact energy. For quantitative, multi-objective optimization, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis was combined with grey relational analysis (GRA). Welding Sequence 2 achieved the highest overall grey relational grade (0.859) and delivered the best comprehensive performance, reducing distortion to 0.14 mm, increasing impact energy to 120.7 J, and raising tensile strength to 597 MPa. These findings provide actionable guidance for process optimization, residual-stress and distortion mitigation, and structural-integrity improvement of circumferential weld joints in large offshore wind-turbine tower flanges.

Graphical Abstract