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<p>The issue of bone resorption due to stress shielding following knee implant surgery is a critical consideration during the development phase. However, in research processes, concerns about simultaneously using both homogeneous and heterogeneous models persist. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of computational models by constructing homogeneous and heterogeneous models and analyzing bone resorption tendencies at the implant-tibial resection plane under conditions mimicking daily activities. Four knee implant geometries obtained through 3D scanning were combined with CT image-based homogeneous and heterogeneous models via a cement model to create the final computational analysis model. Finite element analysis was performed under knee loading conditions corresponding to daily activities (flat walking, ascending, and descending slopes), and the changes in strain energy density (SED) and resorption risk rate (RBR) in the proximal tibia were calculated to compare the two models. The results indicated that while the two models appeared similar in 3D and finite element models, significant quantitative differences were observed in the cut surface up to 5&#xa0;mm from the resection plane. Although the intra-implant and inter-implant trends were similar, the magnitude of differences increased distally from the resection plane. This biomechanical disparity between the models, with the heterogeneous model demonstrating trends closer to clinical observations, suggests that the heterogeneous model is more appropriate for future validation studies compared to the homogeneous model.</p>

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Are Homogeneous Models Still Reliable for Analyzing Implant Bone Resorption?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月1日

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  • Tae Soo Bae,
  • Jae Woong Han

摘要

The issue of bone resorption due to stress shielding following knee implant surgery is a critical consideration during the development phase. However, in research processes, concerns about simultaneously using both homogeneous and heterogeneous models persist. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of computational models by constructing homogeneous and heterogeneous models and analyzing bone resorption tendencies at the implant-tibial resection plane under conditions mimicking daily activities. Four knee implant geometries obtained through 3D scanning were combined with CT image-based homogeneous and heterogeneous models via a cement model to create the final computational analysis model. Finite element analysis was performed under knee loading conditions corresponding to daily activities (flat walking, ascending, and descending slopes), and the changes in strain energy density (SED) and resorption risk rate (RBR) in the proximal tibia were calculated to compare the two models. The results indicated that while the two models appeared similar in 3D and finite element models, significant quantitative differences were observed in the cut surface up to 5 mm from the resection plane. Although the intra-implant and inter-implant trends were similar, the magnitude of differences increased distally from the resection plane. This biomechanical disparity between the models, with the heterogeneous model demonstrating trends closer to clinical observations, suggests that the heterogeneous model is more appropriate for future validation studies compared to the homogeneous model.