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<p>Controlling the B2 phase in hot-rolled Fe–Mn–Al–Ni–C lightweight steels remains a significant challenge. In this study, the evolution of banded ferrite/B2 structures in hot-rolled Fe–16Mn–10Al–5Ni–0.86C steel was systematically investigated under different annealing temperatures (800&#xa0;°C and 900&#xa0;°C) and holding times. The banded ferrite/B2 phases exhibited a three-stage size evolution during annealing, characterized by initial coarsening, subsequent refinement, and re-coarsening. After 30&#xa0;min of annealing, the banded structures reached their minimum size at both temperatures. The sample annealed at 800&#xa0;°C (A800) contained the finest banded B2 phase, leading to a high work-hardening rate but reduced ductility due to κ-carbide coarsening. In contrast, the 900&#xa0;°C annealed sample (A900) developed fine intragranular B2 precipitates within the austenite matrix, achieving the best strength–ductility balance with a tensile strength of ~ 1.20 GPa and an elongation of 11.2%. These results highlight the critical role of annealing parameters in tailoring the morphology of banded B2 and optimizing the mechanical performance of Fe–Mn–Al–Ni–C lightweight steels.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Annealing-Induced Evolution of Band-Like B2 Phase in Hot-Rolled Fe–16Mn–10Al–5Ni–0.86C Steel and Its Role in Strength-Ductility Balance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Yuanjiu Huang,
  • Tae-Hoon Kang,
  • Han-Soo Kim,
  • Kee-Ahn Lee

摘要

Controlling the B2 phase in hot-rolled Fe–Mn–Al–Ni–C lightweight steels remains a significant challenge. In this study, the evolution of banded ferrite/B2 structures in hot-rolled Fe–16Mn–10Al–5Ni–0.86C steel was systematically investigated under different annealing temperatures (800 °C and 900 °C) and holding times. The banded ferrite/B2 phases exhibited a three-stage size evolution during annealing, characterized by initial coarsening, subsequent refinement, and re-coarsening. After 30 min of annealing, the banded structures reached their minimum size at both temperatures. The sample annealed at 800 °C (A800) contained the finest banded B2 phase, leading to a high work-hardening rate but reduced ductility due to κ-carbide coarsening. In contrast, the 900 °C annealed sample (A900) developed fine intragranular B2 precipitates within the austenite matrix, achieving the best strength–ductility balance with a tensile strength of ~ 1.20 GPa and an elongation of 11.2%. These results highlight the critical role of annealing parameters in tailoring the morphology of banded B2 and optimizing the mechanical performance of Fe–Mn–Al–Ni–C lightweight steels.

Graphical Abstract