<p>To satisfy the significant demand for high corrosion resistance, high strength, and low-density properties in various industries like aerospace, marine, and medical industries, titanium (Ti) and its alloys are being researched thoroughly. The literature published for AMed Ti alloys is classified into three major groups based on their energy source: the powder bed fusion methods (EBM, SLM), the direct energy deposition methods (DED, LMD), and wire-arc based methods (EBAM, WAAM). Utilizing additive manufacturing as an advanced production technology has greatly increased the final quality of the produced parts. Meanwhile, additive manufacturing provides a promising solution for producing intricate parts. However, some drawbacks in this process, such as material waste, high total cost, porosity, and anisotropy, are inevitable. Estimations suggest using multi-physics simulation for predicting defects and final microstructure, while it is prone to machine learning. This review study interconnects the relationship between the maximum mechanical properties, AM parameters, and the microstructure. The influence of processing parameters like laser power, scanning speed, and layer thickness on the mechanical properties and the proportion of columnar grains, α’ and β phases, and porosities is investigated. Finally, distinguished articles were reviewed in the current paper, reporting the main findings of the Ti-base alloys produced by different AM processes and parameters.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloys Produced by Additive Manufacturing: A Review

  • Mohaddeseh Tebianian,
  • Seyed Reza Elmi Hosseini,
  • Seyed Ali Mousavi Mohammadi,
  • Mojtaba Farbakhti,
  • Bagher Mohammad Sadeghi,
  • Nazanin Sadat Razavi Jafari,
  • Huo Yuan-ming,
  • Ruifeng Li

摘要

To satisfy the significant demand for high corrosion resistance, high strength, and low-density properties in various industries like aerospace, marine, and medical industries, titanium (Ti) and its alloys are being researched thoroughly. The literature published for AMed Ti alloys is classified into three major groups based on their energy source: the powder bed fusion methods (EBM, SLM), the direct energy deposition methods (DED, LMD), and wire-arc based methods (EBAM, WAAM). Utilizing additive manufacturing as an advanced production technology has greatly increased the final quality of the produced parts. Meanwhile, additive manufacturing provides a promising solution for producing intricate parts. However, some drawbacks in this process, such as material waste, high total cost, porosity, and anisotropy, are inevitable. Estimations suggest using multi-physics simulation for predicting defects and final microstructure, while it is prone to machine learning. This review study interconnects the relationship between the maximum mechanical properties, AM parameters, and the microstructure. The influence of processing parameters like laser power, scanning speed, and layer thickness on the mechanical properties and the proportion of columnar grains, α’ and β phases, and porosities is investigated. Finally, distinguished articles were reviewed in the current paper, reporting the main findings of the Ti-base alloys produced by different AM processes and parameters.

Graphical Abstract