<p>NiAl-graphene (NiAl-Gr) composites with varying concentrations were fabricated and the high-temperature oxidation performance was systematically investigated. The incorporation of Gr significantly suppressed oxidation kinetics. Specifically, the NiAl-0.6Gr alloy formed a dense and continuous oxide scale, with only stable α-Al₂O₃ detected which demonstrated the addition of 0.6 wt% Gr effectively facilitated the transition of oxide (θ-Al₂O₃ to α-Al₂O₃). Furthermore, fracture morphology revealed that the optimized 0.6 wt% Gr doping promoted columnar grain growth in the oxide scale by impeding Al³⁺ migration through grain boundary segregation. The synergistic effects of these mechanisms enhance the oxidation resistance of NiAl alloys with Gr incorporation.</p>