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<p>This study analyzes the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of dissimilar induction-assisted friction stir welded (IAFSWed) Inconel 718 (IN718) and AISI stainless steel 321 (SS321) joints. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was conducted on specimens welded at 300&#xa0;rpm 40&#xa0;mm/min (300/40) and 450&#xa0;rpm 70&#xa0;mm/min (450/70). The grain boundary analysis showed that the 450/70 specimen had a higher fraction of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) at 86.9%, with low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) at 13.1%. The lower Kernel average misorientation (KAM) value (0.945 ± 0.05) indicated reduced strain and residual stress, improving mechanical properties. In contrast, a “bi-model” grain structure with larger grains was seen in the 300/40 specimen. Microhardness tests revealed a 13.5% improvement in Inconel compared to steel for the 450/70 condition, leading to a tensile strength of 614.36&#xa0;MPa, which is 88.26% of the SS321 base material. Fractographic analysis showed a predominantly ductile fracture mode, with fine (Ti, Nb)C and (Nb)C particles enhancing mechanical properties. Tool rotation speed affected stress distribution, with higher speeds producing lower residual stresses due to increased heat generation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that longitudinal and transverse residual stresses were higher in the 300/40 specimen than in the 450/70 specimen.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Microstructural, Mechanical and Residual Stress Behaviour of Dissimilar Induction-Assisted Friction Stir Welded Inconel 718-AISI SS321 Joints

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月7日

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  • Rituraj Bhattacharjee,
  • Prabhat Chand Yadav,
  • Tanmoy Medhi,
  • Pankaj Biswas

摘要

This study analyzes the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of dissimilar induction-assisted friction stir welded (IAFSWed) Inconel 718 (IN718) and AISI stainless steel 321 (SS321) joints. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was conducted on specimens welded at 300 rpm 40 mm/min (300/40) and 450 rpm 70 mm/min (450/70). The grain boundary analysis showed that the 450/70 specimen had a higher fraction of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) at 86.9%, with low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) at 13.1%. The lower Kernel average misorientation (KAM) value (0.945 ± 0.05) indicated reduced strain and residual stress, improving mechanical properties. In contrast, a “bi-model” grain structure with larger grains was seen in the 300/40 specimen. Microhardness tests revealed a 13.5% improvement in Inconel compared to steel for the 450/70 condition, leading to a tensile strength of 614.36 MPa, which is 88.26% of the SS321 base material. Fractographic analysis showed a predominantly ductile fracture mode, with fine (Ti, Nb)C and (Nb)C particles enhancing mechanical properties. Tool rotation speed affected stress distribution, with higher speeds producing lower residual stresses due to increased heat generation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that longitudinal and transverse residual stresses were higher in the 300/40 specimen than in the 450/70 specimen.

Graphical Abstract