Strengthening Mechanism of Nickel Coating in SLM Processed Ni@Al₂O₃–CoCrMo Composites

In this study, a combination of Ni elemental and Al₂O₃ ceramic reinforcing phases was introduced through an electroless plating method to address the issue of load-bearing and wear in dental implants resulting from friction within the oral environment and during food mastication. This was followed by combining CoCrMo powder and reinforcing phase powder. Subsequently, SLM processing was employed to form CoCrMo, Al₂O₃–CoCrMo (CCMA), and Ni@Al₂O₃–CoCrMo (CCMN) composites. The samples’ hardness, wear resistance, and strength were determined. Employing FIB technology, the samples were examined for morphology, energy spectrum, and electron diffraction patterns. The results indicated that the CCMN sample displayed optimal hardness and friction resistance. While the tensile strength of the CCMN sample was slightly below international standards, an enhancement in elongation was observed, effectively striking a balance between strength and plasticity.

The preparation process flow chart of the composite material (CCMN, CCM, CCMA) and the characterization of the morphology composition and properties, as well as the mechanism of Ni enhancement.