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<p>Ba Lat is the largest estuary in northern Vietnam, playing an important role as nursery areas for many fish species. While six species of icefishes (Osmeriformes: Salangidae) are known at their adult stage in this estuary, little information exists on their life history stages. This study aimed to investigate the ontogeny and distribution of icefishes using samples collected with a seine net along the estuary’s bank waters from 2018 to 2020. The present study identified three icefish species, <i>Leucosoma chinensis</i>, <i>Neosalanx brevirostris</i>, and <i>Parasalanx cuvieri</i>, at their larval and juvenile stages. These species are characterized by elongate bodies, visible mid-body pelvic fins, and dorsal and anal fins positioned toward the posterior. Morphological traits, including dorsal and anal fin positioning and the number of myomeres, were used to differentiate amongst species. Larvae and juveniles were present from February to May, primarily along the estuary’s bank waters, with fewer found in mangrove forests. Their abundance varied by species: <i>L. chinensis</i> was most abundant in February. <i>N. brevirostris</i> was prevalent in May 2019. Only three individuals of <i>P. cuvieri</i> were collected in March. Obtained data suggest that the icefishes in this estuary spawn between December and February, coinciding with the lowest water temperatures. Smaller larvae found in outer sampling sites suggest offshore spawning, with larvae transported into the estuary. These findings further demonstrate ecological functions of this large mangrove estuary for fish. This work enhances our understanding of salangid ontogeny and provides valuable insights for the conservation and management of this essential ecosystem.</p>

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Morphology and occurrence of early stages of icefishes from the largest estuary of northern Vietnam

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月23日

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  • Hau Duc Tran,
  • Linh Gia Dinh,
  • Linh Thuy Thi Nguyen

摘要

Ba Lat is the largest estuary in northern Vietnam, playing an important role as nursery areas for many fish species. While six species of icefishes (Osmeriformes: Salangidae) are known at their adult stage in this estuary, little information exists on their life history stages. This study aimed to investigate the ontogeny and distribution of icefishes using samples collected with a seine net along the estuary’s bank waters from 2018 to 2020. The present study identified three icefish species, Leucosoma chinensis, Neosalanx brevirostris, and Parasalanx cuvieri, at their larval and juvenile stages. These species are characterized by elongate bodies, visible mid-body pelvic fins, and dorsal and anal fins positioned toward the posterior. Morphological traits, including dorsal and anal fin positioning and the number of myomeres, were used to differentiate amongst species. Larvae and juveniles were present from February to May, primarily along the estuary’s bank waters, with fewer found in mangrove forests. Their abundance varied by species: L. chinensis was most abundant in February. N. brevirostris was prevalent in May 2019. Only three individuals of P. cuvieri were collected in March. Obtained data suggest that the icefishes in this estuary spawn between December and February, coinciding with the lowest water temperatures. Smaller larvae found in outer sampling sites suggest offshore spawning, with larvae transported into the estuary. These findings further demonstrate ecological functions of this large mangrove estuary for fish. This work enhances our understanding of salangid ontogeny and provides valuable insights for the conservation and management of this essential ecosystem.