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<p>Rapid and unplanned urbanization, coupled with climate and environmental changes, presents significant global challenges. By 2050, nearly 70% of the world’s population is projected to live in urban areas, with increasing informal settlements and resource strain. This study examines urbanization trends from 1975 to 2020 in major Tamil Nadu cities, including Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Salem, and Tiruchirappalli, using geospatial datasets, including the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL), Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Nighttime Light Composites (2015–2023), and MODIS Land Cover Type. Buffer-wise analysis reveals significant urban sprawl, with rapid infilling in Chennai and Coimbatore, while other cities exhibit gradual expansion. Between 1975 and 2020, built-up areas increased substantially in Chennai (141%), Coimbatore (236%), Madurai (95%), Salem (155%), and Tiruchirappalli (377%). Expansion was dominant until 2005, followed by more compact urban growth. Nightlight statistics (2015–2023) indicate rising urbanization, with significant increases in average night light intensity in Chennai (25.98 to 34.19 nW/sr/cm²), Thiruvallur (20.72 to 29.16 nW/sr/cm²), Kancheepuram (18.40 to 23.55 nW/sr/cm²), and Coimbatore (9.37 to 13.22 nW/sr/cm²), while smaller cities showed minimal change. These findings highlight regional urbanization differences, emphasizing the rapid growth of Tier 1 and Tier 2 cities. The study provides critical insights for policymakers and urban planners, aiding in informed decision-making for sustainable urban development, infrastructure planning, and resource management in Tamil Nadu’s rapidly expanding urban centers.</p>

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Spatiotemporal Assessment of Urban Growth Dynamics Using Open-Source Remote Sensing Datasets: A Case Study of Tamil Nadu State

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月8日

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  • Swetha Sureshkumar,
  • Sulochana Shekhar

摘要

Rapid and unplanned urbanization, coupled with climate and environmental changes, presents significant global challenges. By 2050, nearly 70% of the world’s population is projected to live in urban areas, with increasing informal settlements and resource strain. This study examines urbanization trends from 1975 to 2020 in major Tamil Nadu cities, including Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Salem, and Tiruchirappalli, using geospatial datasets, including the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL), Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Nighttime Light Composites (2015–2023), and MODIS Land Cover Type. Buffer-wise analysis reveals significant urban sprawl, with rapid infilling in Chennai and Coimbatore, while other cities exhibit gradual expansion. Between 1975 and 2020, built-up areas increased substantially in Chennai (141%), Coimbatore (236%), Madurai (95%), Salem (155%), and Tiruchirappalli (377%). Expansion was dominant until 2005, followed by more compact urban growth. Nightlight statistics (2015–2023) indicate rising urbanization, with significant increases in average night light intensity in Chennai (25.98 to 34.19 nW/sr/cm²), Thiruvallur (20.72 to 29.16 nW/sr/cm²), Kancheepuram (18.40 to 23.55 nW/sr/cm²), and Coimbatore (9.37 to 13.22 nW/sr/cm²), while smaller cities showed minimal change. These findings highlight regional urbanization differences, emphasizing the rapid growth of Tier 1 and Tier 2 cities. The study provides critical insights for policymakers and urban planners, aiding in informed decision-making for sustainable urban development, infrastructure planning, and resource management in Tamil Nadu’s rapidly expanding urban centers.