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<p>Accurate estimation of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) is essential for monitoring phytoplankton biomass and marine ecosystem health. This study evaluates the performance of the Ocean Colour Monitor-3 (OCM-3) sensor in retrieving Chl-a concentrations in coastal and offshore waters of the southwest Bay of Bengal, using in-situ data collected between March—2023 and April—2024. Validation included regression analysis, Bland–Altman plots, and statistical error metrics. The performance of OCM-3’s OC4 algorithm was compared with global algorithms OC5 and OC6. In coastal waters, in-situ Chl-a ranged from 0.19 to 3.34&#xa0;μg/l, while OCM-3 estimates ranged from 0.50 to 2.88&#xa0;mg/m<sup>3</sup>. Offshore values ranged from 0.43 to 1.12&#xa0;μg/l (in-situ) and 0.41–0.70&#xa0;mg/m<sup>3</sup> (OCM-3). OCM-3 showed good correlation with in-situ measurements (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.62 coastal, 0.63 offshore), and lower RMSE (0.50&#xa0;μg/l coastal, 0.18&#xa0;mg/m<sup>3</sup> offshore). OC5 and OC6 exhibited higher errors and under/overestimation trends, particularly in offshore waters. OCM-3 demonstrated reliable performance for Chl-a retrieval, but coastal uncertainties highlight the need for region-specific algorithm tuning. Continued validation with expanded in-situ datasets is recommended to enhance accuracy for ecological monitoring in the Bay of Bengal.</p>

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Validation and Performance Analysis of OCM-3 Sensor for Chlorophyll-a Detection in Coastal and Offshore Waters of Southwest Bay of Bengal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Alexkirubakaran Augustin Raj,
  • Pavithra Balamurugan,
  • R. Ranith,
  • Ayyappan Saravanakumar,
  • K. N. Babu,
  • T. Thangaradjou

摘要

Accurate estimation of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) is essential for monitoring phytoplankton biomass and marine ecosystem health. This study evaluates the performance of the Ocean Colour Monitor-3 (OCM-3) sensor in retrieving Chl-a concentrations in coastal and offshore waters of the southwest Bay of Bengal, using in-situ data collected between March—2023 and April—2024. Validation included regression analysis, Bland–Altman plots, and statistical error metrics. The performance of OCM-3’s OC4 algorithm was compared with global algorithms OC5 and OC6. In coastal waters, in-situ Chl-a ranged from 0.19 to 3.34 μg/l, while OCM-3 estimates ranged from 0.50 to 2.88 mg/m3. Offshore values ranged from 0.43 to 1.12 μg/l (in-situ) and 0.41–0.70 mg/m3 (OCM-3). OCM-3 showed good correlation with in-situ measurements (R2 = 0.62 coastal, 0.63 offshore), and lower RMSE (0.50 μg/l coastal, 0.18 mg/m3 offshore). OC5 and OC6 exhibited higher errors and under/overestimation trends, particularly in offshore waters. OCM-3 demonstrated reliable performance for Chl-a retrieval, but coastal uncertainties highlight the need for region-specific algorithm tuning. Continued validation with expanded in-situ datasets is recommended to enhance accuracy for ecological monitoring in the Bay of Bengal.