Generation of High Resolution DEM and Orthoimage Using Cartosat-2S and Cartosat-3 Data
摘要
A high resolution DEM is essential for various urban planning and other studies. Since CartoDEM (CDEM) is at 10m/pixel resolution generated using Cartosat-1 (Fore/Aft) along-track stereo data, therefore, there is a requirement for High Resolution (HR) DEM generation using multiview mode and across-track stereo data. To carry out this exercise a few Cartosat-2S & Cartosat -3 stereo data selected for the generation of HR DEM and the generated DEM is compared with CartoDEM & SRTM (30m/pixel) data. Additionally, to check artefacts free raster, the DEM is generated at different resolutions like 32cm, 65cm, 1m and 5m and also generated its corresponding Orthoimage. It is found that due to occlusion and off-nadir view angles there are artefacts visible at occluded or high undulating regions. After comparing the multiple resolution DEM visually, it is found that at 1m/pixel one can retrieve better topography with minimum or no artefacts. Moreover, these artefacts can be removed during DEM editing like void filling etc. This paper brings out the methodology of HR DEM & Orthoimage generation and its validation in terms of visual inspection and vertical accuracy. Also the vertical accuracy achieved ~ 2 to 6m (RMSE) w.r.t. best DEM available CartoDEM. The topography profiles are compared with CartoDEM for a minimum region or subset area. After comparison it is found that the profiles of HR DEM are matching and capturing more or finer topography w.r.t. CartoDEM and SRTM. Since the input data taken as a Radiometrically corrected Orthokit product where Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPCs) are generated with min/max height from the global DEM. Therefore, it is observed there is a positional error at Orthoimage which indirectly degraded the vertical accuracy specifically for Cartosat -3 DEM. To cater this a terrain corrected RPCs are used to generate DEM and Orthoimage towards better positional and vertical accuracy. Finally, the achieved vertical accuracy of Cartosat -3 DEM is found to be ~ 7m (RMSE) by comparing with a few Ground Control Points (GCPs) and aerial based DEM of an Indian region, Chitradurga. Also for evaluation, due to non-availability of GCPs and High Resolution DEM of similar specification an Altimeter data product level 3A (ATL08) of ICESat-2/ATLAS is used to estimate vertical accuracy. Therefore, by comparing ATLAS ground track with C2S & C3 HR DEM the achieved vertical accuracy is ~ 7 to 9m (RMSE).