Framework for Climate Services Using the Open Geospatial Consortium Standards
摘要
Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG-13) calls for urgent climate action to combat climate change. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop global, national, and regional mitigation plans. Faster climate science research enables the implementation of these mitigation plans on time. The collection of climate science datasets is growing enormously with the recent advances in satellite sensors, observational networks, and climate-related Internet of Things (IoT) sensors. Along with this, climate data analysis methods and new climate science research are also advancing. Furthermore, the climate research applications should also be made available for decision-makers to implement mitigation plans more quickly. As a result, a platform that offers web-based climate services is necessary for climate researchers, decision-makers, and policymakers to facilitate faster research and the availability of research output results. These services should be discoverable, accessible, interoperable, reusable, and available to users via web interfaces and web Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Utilizing widely accepted standards for this platform is crucial for facilitating broader outreach. With this motivation, we presented the desirable user requirements of such platforms and studied the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards that suit these requirements. We also propose open-source tools that can be used as modules for these platforms and propose a framework that defines the overall structure of the web-based climate service platform. The development of such platforms using open-source solutions and having a design framework will provide climate services globally and act as a catalyst for the implementation of SDG-13 as per its action plan by 2030.