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<p>Flood susceptibility mapping plays a pivotal role in effective flood risk management, especially in regions prone to recurrent flooding. This study presents a comparative analysis of the Savitri and Vashishti river basins in Maharashtra, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrated with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to generate detailed flood susceptibility maps. Twelve key factors influencing flood occurrence were evaluated: elevation, slope, rainfall, land use/land cover (LULC), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), soil type, geology, geomorphology, distance from the main channel, drainage density, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), and Stream Power Index (SPI). Results show that 35% of the area falls under very high susceptibility and 30% under high susceptibility. In the Savitri basin, 7.5% is highly susceptible, while the Vashishti basin contributes 2.5%. The maps were validated using ROC and AUC methods with remote sensing-based flood data, achieving high accuracy (AUC of 9.40 for Savitri and 9.54 for Vashishti). Despite their broadly similar physiographic settings, the analysis reveals distinct flood behavior patterns in the two basins, driven by micro-environmental differences such as estuarine influence, slope variability, and land use dynamics. The findings underscore the importance of basin-specific flood mitigation strategies tailored to local topographic and hydrologic conditions.</p>

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Flood Susceptibility Mapping of Savitri and Vashishti River Basins, Western Maharashtra: A Comparative GIS-AHP Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月8日

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  • Naman Rathod,
  • Madhuri S. Ukey

摘要

Flood susceptibility mapping plays a pivotal role in effective flood risk management, especially in regions prone to recurrent flooding. This study presents a comparative analysis of the Savitri and Vashishti river basins in Maharashtra, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrated with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to generate detailed flood susceptibility maps. Twelve key factors influencing flood occurrence were evaluated: elevation, slope, rainfall, land use/land cover (LULC), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), soil type, geology, geomorphology, distance from the main channel, drainage density, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), and Stream Power Index (SPI). Results show that 35% of the area falls under very high susceptibility and 30% under high susceptibility. In the Savitri basin, 7.5% is highly susceptible, while the Vashishti basin contributes 2.5%. The maps were validated using ROC and AUC methods with remote sensing-based flood data, achieving high accuracy (AUC of 9.40 for Savitri and 9.54 for Vashishti). Despite their broadly similar physiographic settings, the analysis reveals distinct flood behavior patterns in the two basins, driven by micro-environmental differences such as estuarine influence, slope variability, and land use dynamics. The findings underscore the importance of basin-specific flood mitigation strategies tailored to local topographic and hydrologic conditions.