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<p>The digital elevation model (DEM) is essential for land management and flood planning since it accurately reflects Earth’s topography. Nevertheless, the significant expense associated with acquiring high-resolution DEM data across a vast area with sensors of greater accuracy presents a challenge for several geographic analysis applications. This study explores a DEM enhancement scheme using the fusion process, densification of high-precision elevations using ground control data, and spatial interpolation techniques such as Kriging, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Natural Neighbor (NN), Minimum Curvature (MC), Modified Shepard’s Method (MSM), and Triangulation with Linear Interpolation (TWLI) techniques. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM, the Sentinel-2 image with its generated attributes, and DEM data from UAV are used as input data. The results were contrasted with a reference DEM obtained from the ground measurement data (UAV) technique with a vertical accuracy of 5&#xa0;cm. The results of this study demonstrated that the vertical accuracy of the original SRTM DEM was 5.92&#xa0;m, the fused DEM was 4.21&#xa0;m, and the generated DEM by the Kriging technique was 1.65&#xa0;m, with a reduction of 72.12%. The study shows a series of significant improvements in the SRTM DEM when assessed with the ground measurement data from the UAV. The enhanced SRTM offers more distinct images with superior resolution compared to the original SRTM. The paper should attract remote sensing readers, especially policymakers who need land surface simulation with improved topographical accuracy.</p>

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Enhancement of Digital Elevation Model by Using Different Interpolation and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Techniques

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Walaa Metwaly Kandil,
  • Fawzi H. Zarzoura,
  • Mahmoud salah,
  • Mahmoud El-Mewafi

摘要

The digital elevation model (DEM) is essential for land management and flood planning since it accurately reflects Earth’s topography. Nevertheless, the significant expense associated with acquiring high-resolution DEM data across a vast area with sensors of greater accuracy presents a challenge for several geographic analysis applications. This study explores a DEM enhancement scheme using the fusion process, densification of high-precision elevations using ground control data, and spatial interpolation techniques such as Kriging, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Natural Neighbor (NN), Minimum Curvature (MC), Modified Shepard’s Method (MSM), and Triangulation with Linear Interpolation (TWLI) techniques. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM, the Sentinel-2 image with its generated attributes, and DEM data from UAV are used as input data. The results were contrasted with a reference DEM obtained from the ground measurement data (UAV) technique with a vertical accuracy of 5 cm. The results of this study demonstrated that the vertical accuracy of the original SRTM DEM was 5.92 m, the fused DEM was 4.21 m, and the generated DEM by the Kriging technique was 1.65 m, with a reduction of 72.12%. The study shows a series of significant improvements in the SRTM DEM when assessed with the ground measurement data from the UAV. The enhanced SRTM offers more distinct images with superior resolution compared to the original SRTM. The paper should attract remote sensing readers, especially policymakers who need land surface simulation with improved topographical accuracy.