Evaluation of Total Column Ozone Measurements from INSAT-3D/3DR with Satellite-Based AIRS and CAMS Reanalysis Data
摘要
Total column ozone (TCO) has been monitored for nearly a century, with recent research focusing on ozone depletion and recovery. Validation of satellite measurements is essential for ensuring accuracy and reliability of the data to be used for scientific studies and thus, to understand the atmospheric processes and to make policy decisions aimed at environmental protection and public health. This study validates TCO measurements from the Indian geostationary satellites INSAT-3D (2017–2019) and INSAT-3DR (2021–2023) by comparing them with Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) satellite measurements and the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) reanalysis data. INSAT-3D data have a homogenised distribution, with values generally between 265 and 270 DU, which peaks to 275 DU in the northern India. Seasonal analysis indicates the highest TCO during pre-monsoon (MAM: March, April and May) around 280 DU and the lowest during monsoon (JJA: June, July and August), around 220 DU. INSAT-3DR data show consistent TCO of around 240 DU over the southern peninsula, which increases to about 270–280 DU in the northernmost India. Comparison with AIRS and CAMS data shows that INSAT-3D overestimates TCO (5–15 DU), particularly in the northwest and central India, whereas INSAT-3DR shows a negative bias of about 5–20 DU. Furthermore, INSAT-3DR also shows an improved correlation in comparison with AIRS and CAMS. For instance, in peninsular India, it is about 70% and 66% for CAMS and AIRS, respectively. Therefore, in general, the INSAT measurements are accurate within ± 15–20 DU or 5–10% when compared to AIRS and CAMS data, and are comparable to that of other satellite and ground-based instruments.