Assessing Earthquake-Induced Vulnerability of Critical Infrastructure in Kahramanmaraş Using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing Technologies

This study employs advanced technologies, specifically remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS), to investigate the impact of earthquakes on critical infrastructure in Kahramanmaraş. Critical infrastructure encompasses physical and digital systems crucial for national security, economic stability, and public well-being. Disruption or failure of these interdependent systems, including energy, transportation, communication, water supply, healthcare, and emergency services, can have profound impacts on regional security and societal necessities. Protecting and prioritizing critical infrastructure during disaster response is vital for minimizing damage and expediting recovery. The study employs an innovative approach by integrating building damage assessment results with Point of Interest (POI) data to swiftly assess earthquake effects on critical infrastructure in Kahramanmaraş. Real-time earthquake vulnerability of 57 critical infrastructure elements in 15 POI categories is analyzed. Results indicate financial institutions and commercial areas as the most damaged POIs, while muster points exhibit the least damage. Historical facilities, health facilities, governmental institutions, road facilities, and sports facilities also show varying degrees of damage. Overall, 34% of critical infrastructure structures experienced damage. The proposed method offers a pragmatic approach for rapidly identifying damaged critical infrastructure POIs during disaster-based assessments, addressing a research gap.