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<p>Amazonite, a microcline feldspar gemstone, holds archaeological significance as a marker of ancient trade and cultural exchange. Despite its global prehistoric use, research on Chinese amazonite remains limited due to misidentification and fragmented data. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of 39 amazonite artifacts from the Dongshantou site in Jilin Province (2500–2000 BP), employing digital microscopy, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, colorimetry, elemental analysis (ICP-MS), and lead isotope tracing. The findings reveal advanced craftsmanship, including spiral drilling marks, asymmetrical perforations, and evidence of repurposing. FTIR suggests organic contamination and structural water loss, while Raman spectroscopy indicates structural ordering differences. Colorimetric and geochemical analysis shows that white or pale-colored areas have low K and high Na, likely albite. Rb contributes to amazonite’s green hue, and its strong correlation with Tl suggests geochemical coupling. Pb isotope ratios classify the samples into three groups, linked to sources in the North China Craton and Hinggan geochemical province. Additionally, trace element patterns help distinguish one group. The prominence of amazonite in Northeast China suggests a regional cultural preference, with possible diffusion westward and southward over 2000 years ago. This study establishes a scientific framework for amazonite research, integrating material science with archaeology to reconstruct prehistoric exchange networks.</p>

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Amazonite as a cultural and technological marker: insights from the Dongshantou archaeological site in Jilin, China (2500 − 2000 BP)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Dian Chen,
  • Xiaoming Wang,
  • Xiaoxuan Shi,
  • Di Zhang,
  • Chao Li,
  • Wugan Luo

摘要

Amazonite, a microcline feldspar gemstone, holds archaeological significance as a marker of ancient trade and cultural exchange. Despite its global prehistoric use, research on Chinese amazonite remains limited due to misidentification and fragmented data. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of 39 amazonite artifacts from the Dongshantou site in Jilin Province (2500–2000 BP), employing digital microscopy, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, colorimetry, elemental analysis (ICP-MS), and lead isotope tracing. The findings reveal advanced craftsmanship, including spiral drilling marks, asymmetrical perforations, and evidence of repurposing. FTIR suggests organic contamination and structural water loss, while Raman spectroscopy indicates structural ordering differences. Colorimetric and geochemical analysis shows that white or pale-colored areas have low K and high Na, likely albite. Rb contributes to amazonite’s green hue, and its strong correlation with Tl suggests geochemical coupling. Pb isotope ratios classify the samples into three groups, linked to sources in the North China Craton and Hinggan geochemical province. Additionally, trace element patterns help distinguish one group. The prominence of amazonite in Northeast China suggests a regional cultural preference, with possible diffusion westward and southward over 2000 years ago. This study establishes a scientific framework for amazonite research, integrating material science with archaeology to reconstruct prehistoric exchange networks.