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<p>The cities of Abomey and Bohicon are experiencing rapid urbanization and increasing soil sealing, which exacerbate the risks of rainwater accumulation in the urban area. This study maps the zones susceptible to rainwater accumulation across the area through an approach coupling the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Fourteen criteria were weighted and integrated: accumulation, runoff and precipitation; topographic indices (TWI, SPI, TPI); land use and land cover (LULC), drainage density, stormwater drainage network density (DRAP), NDVI, geology, pedology, elevation and slope. The data combine ALOS PALSAR imagery, Sentinel-2 imagery and CHIRPS rainfall data over the 2000–2024 period, together with field surveys. The AHP matrix shows a satisfactory consistency ratio (CR = 0.021). Direct hydrological transfer factors dominate the hierarchy (46.71% of the total weight), led by accumulation (21.79%), runoff (14.77%) and precipitation (10.15%). The resulting map identifies 14.28&#xa0;km² (10.43% of the study area) in the high susceptibility class, concentrated in urbanized sectors with low drainage coverage. Field validation using 445 ground-truth points yields an overall accuracy of 86.07% and a Kappa of 0.788. This mapping provides an operational tool for urban planning and the targeting of drainage investments.</p>

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GIS-based rainwater accumulation susceptibility mapping in Abomey and Bohicon, Benin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Yéhounko Bruno Buffon Gbodjinou,
  • Moïse Chabi,
  • Ousséni Arouna

摘要

The cities of Abomey and Bohicon are experiencing rapid urbanization and increasing soil sealing, which exacerbate the risks of rainwater accumulation in the urban area. This study maps the zones susceptible to rainwater accumulation across the area through an approach coupling the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Fourteen criteria were weighted and integrated: accumulation, runoff and precipitation; topographic indices (TWI, SPI, TPI); land use and land cover (LULC), drainage density, stormwater drainage network density (DRAP), NDVI, geology, pedology, elevation and slope. The data combine ALOS PALSAR imagery, Sentinel-2 imagery and CHIRPS rainfall data over the 2000–2024 period, together with field surveys. The AHP matrix shows a satisfactory consistency ratio (CR = 0.021). Direct hydrological transfer factors dominate the hierarchy (46.71% of the total weight), led by accumulation (21.79%), runoff (14.77%) and precipitation (10.15%). The resulting map identifies 14.28 km² (10.43% of the study area) in the high susceptibility class, concentrated in urbanized sectors with low drainage coverage. Field validation using 445 ground-truth points yields an overall accuracy of 86.07% and a Kappa of 0.788. This mapping provides an operational tool for urban planning and the targeting of drainage investments.