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<p>This study was conducted in the northern part of the Central African Fold Belt in Cameroon to update the lithological map and understand the geological structure, relief dynamics, and geodynamic implications of dolerite dykes using remote sensing techniques combined with field investigations. The digital surface model derived from SRTM imagery enabled the discrimination of geomorphological units such as hills, plateaus, and alluvial plains. The study area encompasses two distinct relief types with varying altitudes ranging from approximately 220 to 400&#xa0;m, attributed to recent tectonic activity. The SRTM data also facilitated drainage mapping and the extraction of lineaments, revealing predominant trends of N-S, N30°E, NW–SE, and E-W, which align with regional structural lineaments and fault. To enhance the spatial distribution of lithological units, principal component analysis, color composites, and band ratioing of Landsat 8 OLI bands were applied, supported by ground truthing. These methods effectively delineated areas dominated by gneiss, granite, and amphibolite. These rocks are typically intersected by undeformed doleritic dykes, primarily trending WNW-ESE, with secondary trends including NNE-SSW, NE-SW, and ENE-WSW to E-W. These orientations correspond to Pan-African lineaments and faults (TBF and CASZ), which have influenced the Central African Fold Belt. Microscopic analysis of dolerite thin sections revealed porphyritic-microlithic, intersertal, and ophitic textures, characterized by phenocrysts of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, amphibole, alkaline feldspar, oxides, calcite, and microlites, aligning with observations from similar regional studies. Integration of satellite data, existing geological maps, and field observations suggest that the lithology of the Guebake region may have been significantly influenced by late magmatic events or post-Pan-African tectonic activity affecting the basement. This underscores the value of combining remote sensing techniques with geological mapping and field investigations to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of lithological and tectonic studies, with a gain in time.</p>

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Integration of remote sensing and field data for morphotectonic characterization and petrographic analysis of dolerite dykes in the Guebake region, Northern Cameroon

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • Abondou Togo,
  • Oumarou Faarouk Nkouandou,
  • Ghislain Zangmo Tefogoum,
  • Raoul Yingyang Wanbitching,
  • Quentin Marc Anaba Fotze,
  • Sahabo Aboubakar Abdoulaye

摘要

This study was conducted in the northern part of the Central African Fold Belt in Cameroon to update the lithological map and understand the geological structure, relief dynamics, and geodynamic implications of dolerite dykes using remote sensing techniques combined with field investigations. The digital surface model derived from SRTM imagery enabled the discrimination of geomorphological units such as hills, plateaus, and alluvial plains. The study area encompasses two distinct relief types with varying altitudes ranging from approximately 220 to 400 m, attributed to recent tectonic activity. The SRTM data also facilitated drainage mapping and the extraction of lineaments, revealing predominant trends of N-S, N30°E, NW–SE, and E-W, which align with regional structural lineaments and fault. To enhance the spatial distribution of lithological units, principal component analysis, color composites, and band ratioing of Landsat 8 OLI bands were applied, supported by ground truthing. These methods effectively delineated areas dominated by gneiss, granite, and amphibolite. These rocks are typically intersected by undeformed doleritic dykes, primarily trending WNW-ESE, with secondary trends including NNE-SSW, NE-SW, and ENE-WSW to E-W. These orientations correspond to Pan-African lineaments and faults (TBF and CASZ), which have influenced the Central African Fold Belt. Microscopic analysis of dolerite thin sections revealed porphyritic-microlithic, intersertal, and ophitic textures, characterized by phenocrysts of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, amphibole, alkaline feldspar, oxides, calcite, and microlites, aligning with observations from similar regional studies. Integration of satellite data, existing geological maps, and field observations suggest that the lithology of the Guebake region may have been significantly influenced by late magmatic events or post-Pan-African tectonic activity affecting the basement. This underscores the value of combining remote sensing techniques with geological mapping and field investigations to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of lithological and tectonic studies, with a gain in time.