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Introduction <p>The question whether socioeconomic inequalities increase or decrease over time is not straightforward to answer. We applied two related measures to assess absolute and relative differences in the prevalence of overweight between educational groups.</p> Methods <p>Data were used from the annual Health Survey for the years 1999 to 2023. We applied the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) to assess absolute differences over time and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) for relative differences, using relative educational class. The choice for application of the SII and RII followed from expert consultation among Dutch health researchers.</p> Results <p>In the time period between 1999 and 2023 the prevalence of overweight increased across all educational groups. SII<sub>trend</sub> indicated a&#xa0;statistically significant stronger absolute increase of overweight prevalence in the group with lowest educational attainment compared with the group with highest educational attainment (SII<sub>trend</sub> 0.005; 95%-CI 0.002–0.007). RII<sub>trend</sub> indicated a&#xa0;statistically significant increased relative difference as well, the relatively higher prevalence among the lowest educated compared to the highest educated increased between 1999 and 2023 (RII<sub>trend</sub> 0.009; 95%-CI 0.002–0.02).</p> Conclusion <p>The SII and RII calculated over time enable adequate monitoring of both absolute and relative health differences. Whether policy goals are achieved could be assessed using the SII and RII.</p>

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Een methode om veranderingen in sociaaleconomische gezondheidsverschillen over de tijd te meten: toegepast op overgewicht

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Tessa Jansen,
  • Marie Buijs,
  • Ellen Uiters,
  • Iris Meulman,
  • Fons van der Lucht

摘要

Introduction

The question whether socioeconomic inequalities increase or decrease over time is not straightforward to answer. We applied two related measures to assess absolute and relative differences in the prevalence of overweight between educational groups.

Methods

Data were used from the annual Health Survey for the years 1999 to 2023. We applied the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) to assess absolute differences over time and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) for relative differences, using relative educational class. The choice for application of the SII and RII followed from expert consultation among Dutch health researchers.

Results

In the time period between 1999 and 2023 the prevalence of overweight increased across all educational groups. SIItrend indicated a statistically significant stronger absolute increase of overweight prevalence in the group with lowest educational attainment compared with the group with highest educational attainment (SIItrend 0.005; 95%-CI 0.002–0.007). RIItrend indicated a statistically significant increased relative difference as well, the relatively higher prevalence among the lowest educated compared to the highest educated increased between 1999 and 2023 (RIItrend 0.009; 95%-CI 0.002–0.02).

Conclusion

The SII and RII calculated over time enable adequate monitoring of both absolute and relative health differences. Whether policy goals are achieved could be assessed using the SII and RII.