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<p>Improper disposal of sugarcane bagasse, a common agricultural waste, is an environmental hazard. This problem can be resolved by converting bagasse into biochar, a versatile material for environmental remediation. In this study, we converted sugarcane bagasse to biochar at two different temperatures: 450&#xa0;°C (SBC1) and 650&#xa0;°C (SBC2), and assessed its effectiveness in treating water contaminated with methylene blue. The biochar produced (SBC1 and SBC2) was characterized, and its bulk density values were determined to be 0.263 and 0.303&#xa0;g/cm<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The pH values were found to be 4.8 and 7.6, and the point of zero charge was 7.8 and 8.5, respectively. It was further characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The biochar produced at a higher temperature (SBC2) was denser, had a greater surface area and porosity, and was more alkaline than the biochar produced at a lower temperature (SBC1). It was also more aromatic, though the diversity of surface functional groups was lower. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the optimal pH and weight of biochar. The optimal dose for biochar to achieve maximum adsorption was 1.9&#xa0;g. The optimum pH was 10 for SBC1 and 7 for SBC2. Under these conditions, the biochars produced were successful in removing 90% of the dye from water. The adsorption data fit best into the Langmuir–Freundlich adsorption isotherm for SBC1, while for SBC2, it fits best into the Redlich–Peterson isotherm model. Both follow a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, suggesting that the adsorption is predominantly physisorption, though the mechanism of adsorption may vary. Although higher pyrolysis temperature led to an increase in the surface area, it was not accompanied by a corresponding increase in adsorption capacity. The study concludes that both biochars produced were effective in the remediation of methylene blue-contaminated water.</p>

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Thermal Conversion of Sugarcane Bagasse to Biochar and Its Application in Treatment of Methylene Blue Contaminated Water

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Geetha T.,
  • Smitha John K,
  • Litty Mathew Irimpan,
  • Manju Sebastian,
  • V. Geetha,
  • C. J. Theresa,
  • Bincy Joseph,
  • M. Nancy,
  • K. Nimmy

摘要

Improper disposal of sugarcane bagasse, a common agricultural waste, is an environmental hazard. This problem can be resolved by converting bagasse into biochar, a versatile material for environmental remediation. In this study, we converted sugarcane bagasse to biochar at two different temperatures: 450 °C (SBC1) and 650 °C (SBC2), and assessed its effectiveness in treating water contaminated with methylene blue. The biochar produced (SBC1 and SBC2) was characterized, and its bulk density values were determined to be 0.263 and 0.303 g/cm3, respectively. The pH values were found to be 4.8 and 7.6, and the point of zero charge was 7.8 and 8.5, respectively. It was further characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The biochar produced at a higher temperature (SBC2) was denser, had a greater surface area and porosity, and was more alkaline than the biochar produced at a lower temperature (SBC1). It was also more aromatic, though the diversity of surface functional groups was lower. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the optimal pH and weight of biochar. The optimal dose for biochar to achieve maximum adsorption was 1.9 g. The optimum pH was 10 for SBC1 and 7 for SBC2. Under these conditions, the biochars produced were successful in removing 90% of the dye from water. The adsorption data fit best into the Langmuir–Freundlich adsorption isotherm for SBC1, while for SBC2, it fits best into the Redlich–Peterson isotherm model. Both follow a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, suggesting that the adsorption is predominantly physisorption, though the mechanism of adsorption may vary. Although higher pyrolysis temperature led to an increase in the surface area, it was not accompanied by a corresponding increase in adsorption capacity. The study concludes that both biochars produced were effective in the remediation of methylene blue-contaminated water.