A field experiment was conducted at ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, during 2021–2023 to assess the effect of bioproducts with and without NPK on growth, yield and quality of sugarcane and to assess the effect on soil quality parameters in a sugarcane (plant)–ratoon system. Experiment was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatments under three replications. The treatments were applied as T1—75% Recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF-150, 26 and 50 kg, NPK/ha)); T2—75% RDF + DKC @ 25 kg/ha (DKC25); T3—75% RDF + JK @ 2.0 L/ha (two sprayings at 60 and 90 days after planting-JK2); T4—75% RDF + DKC25 + JK2; T5—DKC50 + JK2; T6—100% RDF; T7—Absolute control (no NPK). An average improvement of 1.02 Mg/ha in soil organic carbon (SOC) was observed after harvesting of ratoon crop compared to initial status (13.55 Mg/ha). However, applying 75% RDF along with DKC25 and JK2 improved the SOC by 1.695 Mg/ha/yr after completing a sugarcane (plant)-ratoon crop cycle. The application of 75% RDF + DKC25 + JK2 improved the availability of P and recorded an improvement of 86.6%. Overall, the mean microbial population trend in soil was recorded in the order of bacteria > actinomycetes > fungi. Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) also increased with the application of bioproducts along with 75% RDF. During the tillering stage, the highest mean PAR incident was recorded as 1509 µ mol/m2/s. In the sugarcane plant crop, the mean photosynthetic rate was recorded as 16.14 µ mol/m2/s, which decreased to 14.11 µ mol/m2/s during grand growth and further declined to 9.29 µ mol/m2/s during the maturity stage. The highest mean sugarcane yield (96.6 t/ha) was recorded with the application of 75% RDF + DKC + JK @ 2 L per ha. Overall mean cane yield with plant crop was about 22.97% higher than the ratoon crop (70.86 t/ha hectare). Thus, it could be concluded that integrated use of both products DKC @ 25 kg/ha and JK @ 2 L/ha (two foliar sprayings at 60 and 90 days after planting) along with 75% of RDF for sugarcane (plant) or ratoon crop increased the highest sugarcane and sugar yields in plant–ratoon system. Soil chemical and biological properties were also maintained at higher level with application of both bioproducts along with 75% of RDF. Thus, the integrated application of both bioproducts (DKC and JK) with 75% RDF could be recommended to improve the crop yield, sustain soil fertility and enhance the profitability of the sugarcane-based production system.

Integration of Bioproducts with NPK for Improving Physiological Efficiency of Sugarcane and Sustaining Soil Quality Parameters in Subtropical India

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发表日期：

2025年1月21日

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V. P. Jaiswal,
S. K. Shukla,
Lalan Sharma,
A. D. Pathak,
Asha Gaur,
Abhay Srivastava,
Rishi Kumar,
Mamta Chaoudhary

摘要

A field experiment was conducted at ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, during 2021–2023 to assess the effect of bioproducts with and without NPK on growth, yield and quality of sugarcane and to assess the effect on soil quality parameters in a sugarcane (plant)–ratoon system. Experiment was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatments under three replications. The treatments were applied as T₁—75% Recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF-150, 26 and 50 kg, NPK/ha)); T₂—75% RDF + DKC @ 25 kg/ha (DKC₂₅); T₃—75% RDF + JK @ 2.0 L/ha (two sprayings at 60 and 90 days after planting-JK₂); T₄—75% RDF + DKC₂₅ + JK₂; T₅—DKC₅₀ + JK₂; T₆—100% RDF; T₇—Absolute control (no NPK). An average improvement of 1.02 Mg/ha in soil organic carbon (SOC) was observed after harvesting of ratoon crop compared to initial status (13.55 Mg/ha). However, applying 75% RDF along with DKC₂₅ and JK₂ improved the SOC by 1.695 Mg/ha/yr after completing a sugarcane (plant)-ratoon crop cycle. The application of 75% RDF + DKC₂₅ + JK₂ improved the availability of P and recorded an improvement of 86.6%. Overall, the mean microbial population trend in soil was recorded in the order of bacteria > actinomycetes > fungi. Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) also increased with the application of bioproducts along with 75% RDF. During the tillering stage, the highest mean PAR incident was recorded as 1509 µ mol/m²/s. In the sugarcane plant crop, the mean photosynthetic rate was recorded as 16.14 µ mol/m²/s, which decreased to 14.11 µ mol/m²/s during grand growth and further declined to 9.29 µ mol/m²/s during the maturity stage. The highest mean sugarcane yield (96.6 t/ha) was recorded with the application of 75% RDF + DKC + JK @ 2 L per ha. Overall mean cane yield with plant crop was about 22.97% higher than the ratoon crop (70.86 t/ha hectare). Thus, it could be concluded that integrated use of both products DKC @ 25 kg/ha and JK @ 2 L/ha (two foliar sprayings at 60 and 90 days after planting) along with 75% of RDF for sugarcane (plant) or ratoon crop increased the highest sugarcane and sugar yields in plant–ratoon system. Soil chemical and biological properties were also maintained at higher level with application of both bioproducts along with 75% of RDF. Thus, the integrated application of both bioproducts (DKC and JK) with 75% RDF could be recommended to improve the crop yield, sustain soil fertility and enhance the profitability of the sugarcane-based production system.