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<p>Incorporating additive manufacturing alongside conventional methods in the supply chain model addresses diverse customer needs, optimizes production time and costs, and ensures agility in a constantly evolving market. This strategy integrates the strengths of both approaches, providing the flexibility and agility needed to enhance overall operational efficiency and competitiveness. This paper explores additive and traditional manufacturing processes in a dual-channel supply chain model involving a manufacturer and retailer. To address dynamic customer behaviour, the manufacturer restructures its operations by introducing an online direct channel alongside the traditional retail channel, offering both additive and traditionally manufactured products, which vary in quality and price. The retailer sells these products in the retail channel and applies additional sales efforts to boost customer interest in the additive ones. We then determine the optimal decisions using four different decision models based on players’ power structure to maximize overall supply chain profit by analyzing channels’ competitive customer demands dependent on product price, quality, and sales effort. Additionally, we investigate how variations in demand and cost elasticity parameters influence the supply chain’s optimal strategies and profitability. The findings indicate that more technical improvement is required to raise the quality level of items made by additive manufacturing than traditional production methods. When supply chain members introduce a new product into a competitive market where a substitute product is already present, our study promotes the critical importance of providing a certain level of sales effort to promote the product to customers. Our results also indicate that when a supply chain member leads the entire market, his profit will be maximized more than in any other decision model. Additionally, the vertical Nash model is beneficial from pricing and quality perspectives compared to other decentralized models.</p>

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Investigation of pricing and quality competitiveness of additive and traditional products in a dual-channel supply chain model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Subir Guin,
  • Brojeswar Pal

摘要

Incorporating additive manufacturing alongside conventional methods in the supply chain model addresses diverse customer needs, optimizes production time and costs, and ensures agility in a constantly evolving market. This strategy integrates the strengths of both approaches, providing the flexibility and agility needed to enhance overall operational efficiency and competitiveness. This paper explores additive and traditional manufacturing processes in a dual-channel supply chain model involving a manufacturer and retailer. To address dynamic customer behaviour, the manufacturer restructures its operations by introducing an online direct channel alongside the traditional retail channel, offering both additive and traditionally manufactured products, which vary in quality and price. The retailer sells these products in the retail channel and applies additional sales efforts to boost customer interest in the additive ones. We then determine the optimal decisions using four different decision models based on players’ power structure to maximize overall supply chain profit by analyzing channels’ competitive customer demands dependent on product price, quality, and sales effort. Additionally, we investigate how variations in demand and cost elasticity parameters influence the supply chain’s optimal strategies and profitability. The findings indicate that more technical improvement is required to raise the quality level of items made by additive manufacturing than traditional production methods. When supply chain members introduce a new product into a competitive market where a substitute product is already present, our study promotes the critical importance of providing a certain level of sales effort to promote the product to customers. Our results also indicate that when a supply chain member leads the entire market, his profit will be maximized more than in any other decision model. Additionally, the vertical Nash model is beneficial from pricing and quality perspectives compared to other decentralized models.