<p>A general hypercomplex-valued neural network–that is, one without a specific multiplication table governing the imaginary units of the hypercomplex numbers–encompasses real-valued, complex-valued, quaternion-valued, octonion-valued, Clifford-valued neural networks, and so on as special cases. Almost periodic oscillations represent crucial dynamics in neural networks. However, there are currently no research findings addressing the almost periodic dynamics of general hypercomplex-valued neural networks. This paper employs a non-decomposition approach to study the existence of Weyl almost periodic solutions and the global exponential Weyl almost periodic synchronization for a class of high-order hypercomplex-valued Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delays, where all coefficients are Weyl almost periodic functions, using such networks as the drive system. To address the incompleteness of the space of Weyl almost periodic functions, Banach’s fixed point theorem is first applied to prove that the system possesses a unique bounded and uniformly continuous solution. It is then demonstrated by definition that this unique solution is Weyl almost periodic. Subsequently, the global exponential Weyl almost periodic synchronization of the system is investigated using proof by contradiction. The methodologies and conclusions presented in this paper are innovative and can be extended to study Weyl almost periodic solutions for other types of hypercomplex-valued neural networks. Finally, the effectiveness of the results is validated through a numerical example of octonion-valued neural networks and computer simulations.</p>

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Global Exponential Weyl Almost Periodic Synchronization for Hypercomplex-Valued High-Order Hopfield Neural Networks with Delays

  • Yongkun Li,
  • Rongxia Xu

摘要

A general hypercomplex-valued neural network–that is, one without a specific multiplication table governing the imaginary units of the hypercomplex numbers–encompasses real-valued, complex-valued, quaternion-valued, octonion-valued, Clifford-valued neural networks, and so on as special cases. Almost periodic oscillations represent crucial dynamics in neural networks. However, there are currently no research findings addressing the almost periodic dynamics of general hypercomplex-valued neural networks. This paper employs a non-decomposition approach to study the existence of Weyl almost periodic solutions and the global exponential Weyl almost periodic synchronization for a class of high-order hypercomplex-valued Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delays, where all coefficients are Weyl almost periodic functions, using such networks as the drive system. To address the incompleteness of the space of Weyl almost periodic functions, Banach’s fixed point theorem is first applied to prove that the system possesses a unique bounded and uniformly continuous solution. It is then demonstrated by definition that this unique solution is Weyl almost periodic. Subsequently, the global exponential Weyl almost periodic synchronization of the system is investigated using proof by contradiction. The methodologies and conclusions presented in this paper are innovative and can be extended to study Weyl almost periodic solutions for other types of hypercomplex-valued neural networks. Finally, the effectiveness of the results is validated through a numerical example of octonion-valued neural networks and computer simulations.