<p>In this paper, we deal with a class of non-autonomous Kirchhoff equations, namely, <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="332" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(-(a + b\int _{\mathbb {R}^N}|\nabla u|^2\,\text {d}x)\Delta u - \mu u = K(x)|u|^{p-2}u\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="79" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1 \le N \le 4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="56" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a, b&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are constants, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu \in \mathbb {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is unknown and appears as a Lagrange multiplier, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="79" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2&lt;p&lt;2^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="103" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K \in C(\mathbb {R}^N, \mathbb {R})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>K</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a bounded potential function satisfying <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="87" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\inf _{\mathbb {R}^N} K &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo movablelimits="true">inf</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </msub> <mi>K</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Under certain additional assumptions on the potential <i>K</i>, the sharp existence of normalized ground state solutions is obtained by investigating equivalently the associated <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12346_2025_1299_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-constrained minimization problem. Our main results extend and improve the corresponding results in the previous papers.</p>

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On the Sharp Existence of Normalized Ground State Solutions for Non-Autonomous Kirchhoff Equations

  • Miao Du,
  • Xiaohan Gao

摘要

In this paper, we deal with a class of non-autonomous Kirchhoff equations, namely, \(-(a + b\int _{\mathbb {R}^N}|\nabla u|^2\,\text {d}x)\Delta u - \mu u = K(x)|u|^{p-2}u\) - ( a + b R N | u | 2 d x ) Δ u - μ u = K ( x ) | u | p - 2 u in \(\mathbb {R}^N\) R N , where \(1 \le N \le 4\) 1 N 4 , \(a, b>0\) a , b > 0 are constants, \(\mu \in \mathbb {R}\) μ R is unknown and appears as a Lagrange multiplier, \(2<p<2^*\) 2 < p < 2 and \(K \in C(\mathbb {R}^N, \mathbb {R})\) K C ( R N , R ) is a bounded potential function satisfying \(\inf _{\mathbb {R}^N} K >0\) inf R N K > 0 . Under certain additional assumptions on the potential K, the sharp existence of normalized ground state solutions is obtained by investigating equivalently the associated \(L^2\) L 2 -constrained minimization problem. Our main results extend and improve the corresponding results in the previous papers.