<p>Targeted therapeutics are an integral part of the treatment of advanced cancers. Their use is closely linked to predictive biomarkers and requires high-quality diagnostics. International medical societies therefore recommend the use of extended molecular diagnostics by next-generation sequencing (NGS) across a&#xa0;wide range of tumor entities. In parallel, tumor-agnostic agents have been developed, the efficacy of which is defined by molecular features rather than by tumor type. This concept is also reflected in molecular tumor boards, which aim to provide patients with advanced disease access to experimental therapies based on molecular findings. The greatest challenge remains access to promising drugs, particularly within the framework of clinical trials. Going forward, innovative approaches will be required to ensure patients sustainable access to guideline-based standards as well as novel therapeutic strategies.</p>