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<p>The newly discovered high Nb–Ta alkaline rhyolite in Tuohelinchang, the Great Xing’an Range volcanic belt, China, represents a potential volcanic-related Nb–Ta deposit. Nb is primarily hosted by ilmenite-(Nb) and zircon-(Nb). In this study, we present U–Pb zircon ages, Hf isotope compositions, and whole-rock geochemical data to elucidate the evolution of Tuohelinchang alkaline rhyolite. The mineralization occurred in the Early Cretaceous, as indicated by magmatic zircon ages. The positive ε<sub>Hf</sub>(t) values range from 8.78 to 12.16 with T<sub>DM2</sub> of 606–393&#xa0;Ma. Additionally, geochemical characteristics of K<sub>2</sub>O/Na<sub>2</sub>O ratios &gt; 1 and Mg<sup>#</sup> &lt; &lt; 40 indicate that the magma originated from partial melting of Neoproterozoic–Paleozoic potassium-rich intermediate–mafic juvenile lower crust. Under the Early Cretaceous extensional tectonic background of the Great Xing’an Range, rollback and subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate triggered upwelling of asthenospheric mantle material, which heated and partially melted the lower crust. The parental magma experienced highly differentiated evolution driven by F and other volatiles, leading to continuous enrichment of Nb–Ta in the residual melt and subsequent mineralization.</p>

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Early Cretaceous alkaline rhyolite in Tuohelinchang, the Great Xing’an Range: geological code for Nb–Ta elements enrichment and mineralization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Xue Li,
  • Genyi Liu,
  • Jitian Zhang,
  • Huan Zhou,
  • Guosheng Sun,
  • Siyao Zhou,
  • Zhipeng Liu,
  • Zhenming Sun,
  • Tianxue Zhao,
  • Xin He

摘要

The newly discovered high Nb–Ta alkaline rhyolite in Tuohelinchang, the Great Xing’an Range volcanic belt, China, represents a potential volcanic-related Nb–Ta deposit. Nb is primarily hosted by ilmenite-(Nb) and zircon-(Nb). In this study, we present U–Pb zircon ages, Hf isotope compositions, and whole-rock geochemical data to elucidate the evolution of Tuohelinchang alkaline rhyolite. The mineralization occurred in the Early Cretaceous, as indicated by magmatic zircon ages. The positive εHf(t) values range from 8.78 to 12.16 with TDM2 of 606–393 Ma. Additionally, geochemical characteristics of K2O/Na2O ratios > 1 and Mg# < < 40 indicate that the magma originated from partial melting of Neoproterozoic–Paleozoic potassium-rich intermediate–mafic juvenile lower crust. Under the Early Cretaceous extensional tectonic background of the Great Xing’an Range, rollback and subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate triggered upwelling of asthenospheric mantle material, which heated and partially melted the lower crust. The parental magma experienced highly differentiated evolution driven by F and other volatiles, leading to continuous enrichment of Nb–Ta in the residual melt and subsequent mineralization.