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<p>This study aims to investigate the unconventional hydrocarbon potential for source rock in the Bhalukpong and Garu–Gensi road section in Arunachal Pradesh, as well as the Kalijhora and Lish River bank in Darjeeling, focusing on Lower Himalayan Gondwana coals in North–East (NE) India. The objective of this study is to characterize the source rock potential employing proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and Rock–Eval pyrolysis. The findings of Arunachal Pradesh Gondwana coal reveal hydrogen/carbon (H/C) and oxygen/carbon (O/C) ratios range from 0.527 to 0.959 and 0.103 to 0.274, respectively. The findings of Darjeeling Gondwana coal in this study reveal H/C and O/C ratios range from 0.602 to 0.925 and 0.19 to 0.318, respectively. The Rock–Eval pyrolysis result of Arunachal Pradesh Gondwana coal shows the yields of S1, S2, and S3 in the range from 0.23 to 6.51&#xa0;mg HC/g, 1.15–292.57&#xa0;mg HC/g, and 0.1–2.78&#xa0;mg HC/g, respectively. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) ranges from 8.81 to 87.05%. Hydrogen Index (HI) and Oxygen Index (OI) data ranged from 13 to 354&#xa0;mg HC/g TOC and 1–12&#xa0;mg CO<sub>2</sub>/g TOC, respectively. In contrast, the T<sub>max</sub> value ranged from 430 to 579&#xa0;°C. The Rock–Eval pyrolysis result for Darjeeling Gondwana coal shows the yields of S1, S2, and S3 in the range from 0.04 to 4.02&#xa0;mg HC/g, 0.18–122.85&#xa0;mg HC/g, and 0.19–6.54&#xa0;mg HC/g, respectively. The TOC ranges from 15.79 to 72.18%. HI and OI data in Darjeeling Gondwana coal ranged from 1 to170 mg HC/g TOC and 1 to 41&#xa0;mg CO<sub>2</sub>/g TOC, respectively. HI and OI value for Arunachal Pradesh Gondwana coal is found to be from 13 to 354&#xa0;mg HC/g TOC and 1 to 12&#xa0;mg CO<sub>2</sub>/g TOC. In contrast, the T<sub>max</sub> value in Darjeeling Gondwana coal ranged from 449 to 566&#xa0;°C and for Arunachal Pradesh Gondwana coal it was 430–579&#xa0;°C. The H/C and O/C plots identify the coals as mainly gas-prone, i.e., type-III kerogen, and the rank of the coals is sub-bituminous to high-volatile bituminous and has good-to-excellent hydrocarbon generation potential due to their high S2 and TOC. This study provides new data sets for future work regarding the hydrocarbon generation potential of the Lower Himalayan Gondwana coals with respect to the study area.</p>

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Source rock potential of coals of Lower Himalayan Gondwana coals in North East (NE) India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月14日

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  • Manuranjan Konwar,
  • Dhrubajyoti Neog,
  • Diganta Bhuyan,
  • Badikar Ananda Ganapati

摘要

This study aims to investigate the unconventional hydrocarbon potential for source rock in the Bhalukpong and Garu–Gensi road section in Arunachal Pradesh, as well as the Kalijhora and Lish River bank in Darjeeling, focusing on Lower Himalayan Gondwana coals in North–East (NE) India. The objective of this study is to characterize the source rock potential employing proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and Rock–Eval pyrolysis. The findings of Arunachal Pradesh Gondwana coal reveal hydrogen/carbon (H/C) and oxygen/carbon (O/C) ratios range from 0.527 to 0.959 and 0.103 to 0.274, respectively. The findings of Darjeeling Gondwana coal in this study reveal H/C and O/C ratios range from 0.602 to 0.925 and 0.19 to 0.318, respectively. The Rock–Eval pyrolysis result of Arunachal Pradesh Gondwana coal shows the yields of S1, S2, and S3 in the range from 0.23 to 6.51 mg HC/g, 1.15–292.57 mg HC/g, and 0.1–2.78 mg HC/g, respectively. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) ranges from 8.81 to 87.05%. Hydrogen Index (HI) and Oxygen Index (OI) data ranged from 13 to 354 mg HC/g TOC and 1–12 mg CO2/g TOC, respectively. In contrast, the Tmax value ranged from 430 to 579 °C. The Rock–Eval pyrolysis result for Darjeeling Gondwana coal shows the yields of S1, S2, and S3 in the range from 0.04 to 4.02 mg HC/g, 0.18–122.85 mg HC/g, and 0.19–6.54 mg HC/g, respectively. The TOC ranges from 15.79 to 72.18%. HI and OI data in Darjeeling Gondwana coal ranged from 1 to170 mg HC/g TOC and 1 to 41 mg CO2/g TOC, respectively. HI and OI value for Arunachal Pradesh Gondwana coal is found to be from 13 to 354 mg HC/g TOC and 1 to 12 mg CO2/g TOC. In contrast, the Tmax value in Darjeeling Gondwana coal ranged from 449 to 566 °C and for Arunachal Pradesh Gondwana coal it was 430–579 °C. The H/C and O/C plots identify the coals as mainly gas-prone, i.e., type-III kerogen, and the rank of the coals is sub-bituminous to high-volatile bituminous and has good-to-excellent hydrocarbon generation potential due to their high S2 and TOC. This study provides new data sets for future work regarding the hydrocarbon generation potential of the Lower Himalayan Gondwana coals with respect to the study area.