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<p>Numerical experiments using a discrete element method (DEM) are carried out to explore the long-term evolution of shape preferred orientation (SPO) of numerical specimens under large-strain (shear strain &gt; 20) environment. The numerical specimens are the mixtures of matrix and rectangular rigid objects (aspect ratio of 2.33) with area percentages of 10%, 28%, and 49%, respectively. A ring shear rig was chosen to simulate simple shearing flow. The developments of SPO of rigid objects are examined with two statistical parameters of intensity (κ) and maximum preferred orientation (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12303_2025_10_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\overline{\theta }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mover> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) of SPO. The results indicate that, among the experiments, the long-period cyclicity is observed more prominently at the earlier stage of deformation (shear strain &lt; 10) in the 10% rigid objects experiment on the κ and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12303_2025_10_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\overline{\theta }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mover> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> graph. This can be explained with a multi-object model in which the rotation of each object follows the theoretical rotation of Jeffery. The cyclic nature of SPO evolution further suggests that it might be difficult to estimate strain from the degree of SPO in naturally deformed rocks.</p>

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Evolution of shape fabric of rigid objects in large-strain numerical experiments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月17日

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  • Sungshil Kim

摘要

Numerical experiments using a discrete element method (DEM) are carried out to explore the long-term evolution of shape preferred orientation (SPO) of numerical specimens under large-strain (shear strain > 20) environment. The numerical specimens are the mixtures of matrix and rectangular rigid objects (aspect ratio of 2.33) with area percentages of 10%, 28%, and 49%, respectively. A ring shear rig was chosen to simulate simple shearing flow. The developments of SPO of rigid objects are examined with two statistical parameters of intensity (κ) and maximum preferred orientation ( \(\overline{\theta }\) θ ¯ ) of SPO. The results indicate that, among the experiments, the long-period cyclicity is observed more prominently at the earlier stage of deformation (shear strain < 10) in the 10% rigid objects experiment on the κ and \(\overline{\theta }\) θ ¯ graph. This can be explained with a multi-object model in which the rotation of each object follows the theoretical rotation of Jeffery. The cyclic nature of SPO evolution further suggests that it might be difficult to estimate strain from the degree of SPO in naturally deformed rocks.