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<p>Alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) is the main protein producer among forage crops. Stem morphology and flowering time represent key traits controlling alfalfa leaf-to-stem ratio, and consequently its, forage nutritive value. Breeding programs for varying flowering timing and stem internode length, including selfing, produced six alfalfa narrow-based ‘lines’ showing traits like early (EF) and late (LF) flowering, and alfalfa synthetics with divergent stem morphology (long/short internode length, LI vs. SI). Two <i>M. truncatula</i> (<i>Mt</i>) TILLING mutant lines segregating for flowering time were also included. These materials were used to identify the genetic variation (SNPs) underlying these traits using Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS). Fifty-seven SNPs were found differentiating alfalfa EF and LF lines, 13 of which were common to at least two couples and five laying on exons and producing amino acid (a.a.) changes. Forty-nine and sixteen SNPs were detected, differentiating EF and LF individuals in the <i>Mt</i> lines, twenty and seven of which laying on exons and causing amino acid changes. The analysis of LI and SI synthetics identified 14 SNPs one of which bringing to amino acid change. Transcription factors and genes involved in DNA, RNA and protein modification, regulation and remodelling, sugar and lipid biosynthetic pathways were the most represented classes. The functional relationship between nucleus and organelles, in particular chloroplasts, emerged as a key point in defining the different alfalfa earliness profile. Some of the identified genes show a possible correlation with the traits studied; the pentatricopeptide repeat-containing proteins, MtrunA17Chr1g0199691 (flowering time) and MtrunA17Chr3g0128551 (stem morphology) emerge as promising candidates for the <i>Medicago</i> spp. genetic improvement.</p>

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Alfalfa and M. truncatula TILLING lines divergent for nutritive value-related traits enable the identification of novel candidate genes by genotyping by Sequencing approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Maria Carelli,
  • Nelson Nazzicari,
  • Massimo Confalonieri,
  • Carla Scotti

摘要

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the main protein producer among forage crops. Stem morphology and flowering time represent key traits controlling alfalfa leaf-to-stem ratio, and consequently its, forage nutritive value. Breeding programs for varying flowering timing and stem internode length, including selfing, produced six alfalfa narrow-based ‘lines’ showing traits like early (EF) and late (LF) flowering, and alfalfa synthetics with divergent stem morphology (long/short internode length, LI vs. SI). Two M. truncatula (Mt) TILLING mutant lines segregating for flowering time were also included. These materials were used to identify the genetic variation (SNPs) underlying these traits using Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS). Fifty-seven SNPs were found differentiating alfalfa EF and LF lines, 13 of which were common to at least two couples and five laying on exons and producing amino acid (a.a.) changes. Forty-nine and sixteen SNPs were detected, differentiating EF and LF individuals in the Mt lines, twenty and seven of which laying on exons and causing amino acid changes. The analysis of LI and SI synthetics identified 14 SNPs one of which bringing to amino acid change. Transcription factors and genes involved in DNA, RNA and protein modification, regulation and remodelling, sugar and lipid biosynthetic pathways were the most represented classes. The functional relationship between nucleus and organelles, in particular chloroplasts, emerged as a key point in defining the different alfalfa earliness profile. Some of the identified genes show a possible correlation with the traits studied; the pentatricopeptide repeat-containing proteins, MtrunA17Chr1g0199691 (flowering time) and MtrunA17Chr3g0128551 (stem morphology) emerge as promising candidates for the Medicago spp. genetic improvement.