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<p>The presence of arsenic (As) in croplands causes phytotoxicity in wheat and contaminates the food chain by accumulating in the grains. Thus, the use of tolerant genotypes might be the best solution to alleviate As stress. However, limited information is available regarding the potential of wheat genotypes particularly exposed to arsenite. To fill this gap, the study aimed to investigate the impact of arsenite on the accumulation and translocation of As in a dose–response manner. The research further highlighted the impacts of arsenite on growth, chlorophyll, oxidative stress induction, and modulation of antioxidants. A total of four genotypes (SKD-1, MexiPak, Pak-13, and FSD-08) were exposed hydroponically to arsenite treatments (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40&#xa0;mg/L) for 21&#xa0;days using the cigar method. Morphological traits (germination index, vitality index, relative lengths, and biomass), chlorophyll, As accumulation, oxidative stress indicators, and antioxidants were measured. The study revealed that SKD-1 accumulated slightly more As in roots (90.43 ± 1.30&#xa0;µg/g) but translocated less to shoots (80.23 ± 2.44&#xa0;µg/g) compared to other genotypes. On the other hand, Pak-13 and FSD-08 showed the highest translocation factor (0.94) with the highest impact on their growth. With the help of linear modeling and multivariate analyses, a dose-dependent increase was observed in terms of As accumulation. SKD-1 genotype showed better germination and vitality index along with higher shoot as well as root length compared to others. Furthermore, the SKD-1 genotype showed less malondialdehyde (0.811&#xa0;mmol/g) compared to Pak-13 (1.243&#xa0;mmol/g). On the other hand, antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase) showed better activities in SKD-1 to alleviate arsenite stress compared to Pak-13 and FSD-08. Hence, the use of tolerant genotypes like SKD-1 has the potential to deliver safer grains for human consumption and sustainable yield.</p>

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Dose–response impact of arsenite on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes: unravelling growth, accumulation, and antioxidant modulation for tolerance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月13日

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  • Muhammad Saeed,
  • Umar Masood Quraishi,
  • Riffat Naseem Malik

摘要

The presence of arsenic (As) in croplands causes phytotoxicity in wheat and contaminates the food chain by accumulating in the grains. Thus, the use of tolerant genotypes might be the best solution to alleviate As stress. However, limited information is available regarding the potential of wheat genotypes particularly exposed to arsenite. To fill this gap, the study aimed to investigate the impact of arsenite on the accumulation and translocation of As in a dose–response manner. The research further highlighted the impacts of arsenite on growth, chlorophyll, oxidative stress induction, and modulation of antioxidants. A total of four genotypes (SKD-1, MexiPak, Pak-13, and FSD-08) were exposed hydroponically to arsenite treatments (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/L) for 21 days using the cigar method. Morphological traits (germination index, vitality index, relative lengths, and biomass), chlorophyll, As accumulation, oxidative stress indicators, and antioxidants were measured. The study revealed that SKD-1 accumulated slightly more As in roots (90.43 ± 1.30 µg/g) but translocated less to shoots (80.23 ± 2.44 µg/g) compared to other genotypes. On the other hand, Pak-13 and FSD-08 showed the highest translocation factor (0.94) with the highest impact on their growth. With the help of linear modeling and multivariate analyses, a dose-dependent increase was observed in terms of As accumulation. SKD-1 genotype showed better germination and vitality index along with higher shoot as well as root length compared to others. Furthermore, the SKD-1 genotype showed less malondialdehyde (0.811 mmol/g) compared to Pak-13 (1.243 mmol/g). On the other hand, antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase) showed better activities in SKD-1 to alleviate arsenite stress compared to Pak-13 and FSD-08. Hence, the use of tolerant genotypes like SKD-1 has the potential to deliver safer grains for human consumption and sustainable yield.