Tobacco rattle virus-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) as an aid for functional genomics in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Several limitations in genetic engineering interventions in saffron exist, hindering the development of genetically modified varieties and the widespread application of genetic engineering in this crop. Lack of genome sequence information, the complexity of genetic makeup, and lack of well-established genetic transformation protocols limit its in planta functional validation of genes that would eventually lead toward crop optimization. In this study, we demonstrate agro infiltration in leaves of adult plants and whole corm before sprouting are suitable for transient gene silencing in saffron using Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV) based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) targeting phytoene desaturase (PDS). Silencing of PDS resulted in bleached phenotype in leaves in both methods. TRV-mediated VIGS could be attained in saffron leaves and corms, providing an opportunity for functional genomics studies in this expensive spice crop.