<p>Metal poisoning is an increasing concern for human reproductive health, particularly due to exposure through heavy metals present in fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Although several studies have reported an association between PM2.5 and reduced semen quality, the specific relationship between its metal components and sperm health remains unclear. This prospective study investigated the impact of metal exposure on sperm quality in human male volunteers categorized into Control (<i>n</i> = 47), Teratozoospermia (<i>n</i> = 78), Asthenozoospermia (<i>n</i> = 63), and Oligozoospermia (<i>n</i> = 52) groups. Metal concentrations were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, while biochemical parameters were analyzed using standard kits. Flow cytometry was used to assess sperm DNA fragmentation, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to evaluate morphological abnormalities. Results showed a significant decline in sperm quality in the exposed groups, with the control group showing comparatively higher sperm counts. SEM analysis revealed head and acrosome damage associated with chromium and arsenic exposure. Abnormal fructose levels were noted in the asthenozoospermia and oligozoospermia groups, and DNA fragmentation indices were ≥ 30% and ≥ 25% in the asthenozoospermia and oligozoospermia groups, respectively. These findings suggest that exposure to PM2.5-related metal toxicants adversely affects sperm morphology, biochemical balance, and DNA integrity, highlighting the need for effective air pollution control and lifestyle modifications to protect male reproductive health.</p>