Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP 2) Promotor 418 G > C Polymorphism in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Patients of Eastern States of India

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 2 (TIMPs) prevent breakdown of extracellular matrix and is known for its role in fibrosis. The present study evaluated TIMP2 promoter site − 418G > C polymorphism and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Eastern India population. In this case control study 100 clinically diagnosed NAFLD patients and 100 apparently healthy participants were enrolled and TIMP 2 Promotor (rs8179090418) G > C Polymorphism was studied using PCR–RFLP method with BsoBI Restriction enzyme. The association between genotypes and NAFLD risk was analyzed by odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. The frequencies of GG, GC and CC genotypes were 81%, 15% and 4% and 71%, 27% and 2% in NAFLD cases and control respectively. In dominant model, CC genotype was found to be associated with 2.05fold high risk of NAFLD (p value 0.046). C allele at TIMP2 promoter site -418 G > C when compared with G allele, odds ratio was 0.708; p = 0.243. A significant difference (p < 0.005) was found in weight, BMI, waist/ hip circumference, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma insulin, FPG, HbA1c, AST, ALT, GGT, total cholesterol and LDLc levels in CC genotype when compared with GG (wild type). In conclusion, TIMP2 gene Promotor (rs8179090418) 418 G > C polymorphism in population of Eastern states of India shows an increased risk of NAFLD in CC + GC genotype in comparison to wild type. TIMP2 gene 418 G > C polymorphism had an impact on metabolic alterations suggestive of NAFLD progression.