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<p>Aging is accompanied by physiological, biological, and molecular changes, including alterations in the bone marrow microenvironment. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are critical for sustaining haematopoiesis, may undergo quantitative and qualitative changes with age. However, studies evaluating age-related changes in human bone marrow HSCs are limited. To assess the effect of aging on bone marrow CD34-positive (CD34⁺) HSC counts and their relationship with bone marrow cellularity and peripheral blood counts. A retrospective, comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on bone marrow biopsies from patients diagnosed with megaloblastic anaemia (MA)—a condition with no intrinsic HSC defect. Thirty young adults (18–40 years) and thirty-one elderly individuals (&gt; 60 years) were evaluated. CD34⁺ HSCs were quantified by immunohistochemistry, and correlations with bone marrow cellularity and peripheral blood counts were analysed using appropriate statistical tests. In adult patients with megaloblastic anaemia (P), does aging (I), compared with younger age (C), result in a decline in bone marrow CD34⁺ hematopoietic stem cell counts and altered correlation with marrow cellularity and peripheral blood counts (O), as observed in a retrospective cross-sectional study (T)? The elderly group demonstrated a significant decline in CD34⁺ HSC percentage compared with younger patients (median 0.68% vs. 0.98%, <i>p</i> = 0.008). Absolute bone marrow cellularity also decreased with age (mean 62.1% vs. 83.7%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). CD34⁺ HSC counts showed a positive correlation with absolute marrow cellularity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), but no significant correlation with peripheral blood cell counts, suggesting additional regulatory mechanisms in peripheral haematopoiesis. This retrospective cross-sectional study provides morphological evidence of a physiological decline in bone marrow CD34⁺ HSCs with advancing age. While CD34⁺ HSCs contribute to bone marrow cellularity, maintenance of peripheral blood cell counts appears multifactorial. These findings establish baseline data for future research exploring the mechanisms of age-associated hematopoietic changes and their clinical implications.</p>

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Age-Associated Decline in Bone Marrow CD34⁺ Hematopoietic Stem Cells: A Retrospective Comparative Immunohistochemical Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Sweety Kumari,
  • Kaninika Sanyal,
  • Kaniyappan Nambiyar,
  • Ashish Goel,
  • Richa Gupta,
  • Mrinalini Kotru

摘要

Aging is accompanied by physiological, biological, and molecular changes, including alterations in the bone marrow microenvironment. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are critical for sustaining haematopoiesis, may undergo quantitative and qualitative changes with age. However, studies evaluating age-related changes in human bone marrow HSCs are limited. To assess the effect of aging on bone marrow CD34-positive (CD34⁺) HSC counts and their relationship with bone marrow cellularity and peripheral blood counts. A retrospective, comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on bone marrow biopsies from patients diagnosed with megaloblastic anaemia (MA)—a condition with no intrinsic HSC defect. Thirty young adults (18–40 years) and thirty-one elderly individuals (> 60 years) were evaluated. CD34⁺ HSCs were quantified by immunohistochemistry, and correlations with bone marrow cellularity and peripheral blood counts were analysed using appropriate statistical tests. In adult patients with megaloblastic anaemia (P), does aging (I), compared with younger age (C), result in a decline in bone marrow CD34⁺ hematopoietic stem cell counts and altered correlation with marrow cellularity and peripheral blood counts (O), as observed in a retrospective cross-sectional study (T)? The elderly group demonstrated a significant decline in CD34⁺ HSC percentage compared with younger patients (median 0.68% vs. 0.98%, p = 0.008). Absolute bone marrow cellularity also decreased with age (mean 62.1% vs. 83.7%, p < 0.001). CD34⁺ HSC counts showed a positive correlation with absolute marrow cellularity (p < 0.01), but no significant correlation with peripheral blood cell counts, suggesting additional regulatory mechanisms in peripheral haematopoiesis. This retrospective cross-sectional study provides morphological evidence of a physiological decline in bone marrow CD34⁺ HSCs with advancing age. While CD34⁺ HSCs contribute to bone marrow cellularity, maintenance of peripheral blood cell counts appears multifactorial. These findings establish baseline data for future research exploring the mechanisms of age-associated hematopoietic changes and their clinical implications.