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<p>Iron deficiency (ID) is a major nutritional problem in children, progressing from early iron deficiency (EID) to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron metabolism. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of serum hepcidin-25 and its relationship with hematological parameters, iron status, and trace elements. Ninety children aged 2–10 years were classified into three groups: control (<i>n</i> = 30), EID (<i>n</i> = 30), and IDA (<i>n</i> = 30). Blood samples were analyzed for hematological parameters, iron profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), trace elements (Zn, Cu, Mg), and serum hepcidin-25 using ELISA.&#xa0;Hepcidin-25 levels were significantly lower in IDA (3.935 ng/mL) and EID (5.636ng/mL) than in controls (11.117 ng/mL) (p &lt; 0.05). Serum iron, transferrin saturation, zinc, and magnesium were also significantly reduced in the IDA and EID groups (p &lt; 0.0001). At the same time, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were elevated (p &lt; 0.05). Hepcidin-25 showed positive correlations with serum iron, ferritin, zinc, and magnesium, and negative correlations with CRP and TIBC. ROC analysis indicated that hepcidin-25 had higher sensitivity than ferritin for detecting both IDA (AUC = 0.823) and EID (AUC = 0.726). Serum hepcidin-25 is a promising early biomarker for pediatric iron deficiency, correlating with key indicators of iron status and select trace elements, including zinc and magnesium.</p>

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Diagnostic Utility of Serum Hepcidin-25 as an Early Biomarker of Iron Deficiency and its Association with Trace Elements in Children

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月27日

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  • Mhabad Khorsheed Saeed,
  • Lina Yousif Mohammed

摘要

Iron deficiency (ID) is a major nutritional problem in children, progressing from early iron deficiency (EID) to iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron metabolism. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of serum hepcidin-25 and its relationship with hematological parameters, iron status, and trace elements. Ninety children aged 2–10 years were classified into three groups: control (n = 30), EID (n = 30), and IDA (n = 30). Blood samples were analyzed for hematological parameters, iron profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), trace elements (Zn, Cu, Mg), and serum hepcidin-25 using ELISA. Hepcidin-25 levels were significantly lower in IDA (3.935 ng/mL) and EID (5.636ng/mL) than in controls (11.117 ng/mL) (p < 0.05). Serum iron, transferrin saturation, zinc, and magnesium were also significantly reduced in the IDA and EID groups (p < 0.0001). At the same time, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were elevated (p < 0.05). Hepcidin-25 showed positive correlations with serum iron, ferritin, zinc, and magnesium, and negative correlations with CRP and TIBC. ROC analysis indicated that hepcidin-25 had higher sensitivity than ferritin for detecting both IDA (AUC = 0.823) and EID (AUC = 0.726). Serum hepcidin-25 is a promising early biomarker for pediatric iron deficiency, correlating with key indicators of iron status and select trace elements, including zinc and magnesium.